Talking about how to prevent rice from sitting down
In some rice fields, an abnormal growth condition often occurs during the period from the beginning of rice tilling to the time of tillering, ie, the rice plants are clustered, dwarf, and the leaves are deflated. The leaves are dark green or white and yellow, growth stagnates, and the tillers are very Less happens. When the diseased plant was pulled up, the roots were seen to be aging. The whole root system was yellow-brown to dark brown, and there were no or few new roots and fibrous roots. Some rice plants had dark or rotted roots and emitted hydrogen sulphide odor. These phenomena are called "sit", also known as "rape", or "rust disease." Is a common physiological disease of rice, if not timely control, a great impact on the yield, generally can reduce production by 10% to 20%, serious reduction in production by more than 50%, and affect renewable rice. First, sit type: According to surveys conducted by various localities, the types are various, and the causes are relatively complex. Some are caused by one cause and some are caused by multiple causes. These are summarized in the following six main types: 1, cold damage type: mostly occurred in the muddy fields, deep foot field, cold flood field, back shade field, due to low soil temperature or early planted cold wave invasion caused by. This kind of field is caused by long-term flooding, or deep mountain cold water flow irrigation, or cold springs to make the soil temperature low, sitting in a continuous low temperature and sunshine conditions, the symptoms are expressed as delayed cultivation after planting, do not take new roots, The roots are aged, with brown and soft cotton roots, and small and fine roots. The vitality is impeded, the growth is slow, the leaves stand upright, the irregular brown spots appear near the tip, and gradually spread to the base along the edges. The leaves turn yellow and the plant type is thin. 2, lack of type: caused by the lack of a certain kind of nutrient elements, dead yellow muddy field, white peony field lack of potassium; nitrate, cold leaching field phosphorus deficiency; carbonate purple soil, large fertilizer field and long-term heavy application of phosphate fertilizer zinc deficiency . Due to the lack of hormones, the physiological metabolism of the seedlings is hindered. The symptoms are as follows: P-deficient fields, young seedlings with few roots, weak roots, dark brown roots, clusters of axillary fossa, dark brown leaves; plots of potassium deficiency, weak root growth, short leaves, dark green, There are auburn spots on the old leaves, the leaves are easily broken, and the main veins are yellow; the zinc-deficient fields, the seedlings are curled in heart and leaves, are not easy to pull out, the chlorotic stripes appear at the seedling stage, the roots are short and few, and the leaves are red. 3. Poisonous type: It often occurs in long-term flooded deep foot fields, poor soil permeability in the rush tank fields, muddy fields, and large fertilizer fields behind houses. This type of field contains a large amount of unrefined organic fertilizer. Because of the decomposition of organic matter or low paddy fields and waterlogging, large amounts of reducing substances are accumulated in the soil and large amounts of toxic substances such as hydrogen sulfide, organic acids, divalent iron, and methane are produced. Roots of rice roots impede the absorption of root respiration and nutrients. The main symptoms are the yellowing of the seedlings, the darkening of the root browns, the shrinkage of the soft cotton, the yellowing of the old leaves, and the reddish-brown spots on the leaves. In severe cases, the lower leaves of the whole plant become red, forming into patches or clusters. I don't send them together. 4. Skinny type: Occurs in severely washed rough shatin, high-yielding fields, and new ripening fields with low ripening degree. Due to the serious shortage of soil nitrogen, there are not many other nutrient elements, which results in the slow return of the young plants. The symptoms were yellowing of the leaves, poor root development, and no emergence of stinging. 5, poisoning: due to the improper use of rice field herbicide, so that the growth of seedlings has been severely inhibited, resulting in "sitting." The main symptoms of the symptoms are that the seedlings do not stop for a long time, do not take the roots, do not give birth, and the old leaves are yellow when severe. 6, adobe type: in the deep mud rotten field, after planting hoe due to soil sinking will also be immersed with seedlings, appear to turn slow green, late pods, severe yellow leaves, hoe erect, underground internode elongation Black hair, rotten, called "padding soil type sitting." Second, control methods: Because there are many reasons for sitting and sitting, there are often multiple reasons for a field. Therefore, comprehensive control should be implemented according to field conditions. The first is to conduct a field investigation and diagnosis on the “sit and rake†plot to identify the main causes of the disease, and then formulate the cultivation control measures field by field according to the high-yield requirements and implement it in a practical manner. 1, in advance prevention: nurture strong and enhance seedling resistance. Transplant timely and implement shallow interpolation. In deep-rooted fields and muddy fields, pay attention to planting soil after the soil is immersed, or digging and transplanting, or use semi-dry cultivation. Do not apply unripe organic fertilizer, plough up green manure early, pay attention to fertilizer, increase phosphorus, potash and ash fertilizers, supplement micronutrients, with emphasis on zinc fertilizer. After returning green, timely cultivating and draining of exposed fields, or intermittent irrigation, in order to increase soil temperature and promote root development. Use herbicides as directed to reduce poisoning. Perennial cropping fields should be implemented with paddy-soil rotation, and rice should be replanted after 1 to 2 years of drought. 2. Drainage drying field: For deep-rooted mud fields, cold-sweeping fields, large fertilizer fields, immediate drainage cultivators (薅秧), light field after cultivating, in order to draw out waterlogging and cold spring water, reduce groundwater level, and improve soil permeability. Sex, increase soil temperature, eliminate poisons, reduce poisoning. 3, symptomatic application: According to the type of sitting, timely and timely application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, lack of element field to make up for lack of fertilizer. Such as lack of zinc fields to make up the application of zinc fertilizer, mu zinc sulfate (containing more than 20% of zinc content) 1 ~ 1.5 kg applicator, or 0.5 kg of water sprayed with 75 kg of foliar spray. Too much organic acid is used to neutralize toxins in black and white ash (grasswood ash: lime = 1:1.5). At the same time as the above-mentioned agents are used, it can be used to promote Fengbao, or anti-fukuning, or agricultural rare earth, or Miao Miao powder, or vitality, etc., plus potassium dihydrogen phosphate (P 80% potassium content above 0.5 kg) watered 75 kg Foliage topdressing is performed in order to enhance the resistance and stress resistance of the seedlings. After the roots of the rice seedlings begin to turn green, the decomposed human or animal waste water, or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are used, combined with shallow-water ground irrigation or wet irrigation to promote their return to green tillers, and then transferred to normal management. After the new root grows, suitable urea and other fast-acting fertilizers will help restore vitality and reduce the incidence. Foliage can also be used to remediate nutrients. Accelerate Freeze Dried Fig is made of selected ripe figs. The international advanced ultra-low temperature FD technology is adopted to sublime the water content of fruit, without changing the fruit color, shape and flavor. Retaining the original nutritional and medicinal components, without any additive, pigment, sweetener or preservative, it is the best-quality dried fruit. 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