Commonly used vegetable seed disinfection method
Many diseases and insect pests of vegetables are transmitted by diseased seeds, such as melon anthracnose, bacterial angular spot disease, tomato leaf mold disease, early blight, virus disease, and the like. In order to kill the germs and eggs that may be carried on the seeds, the seeds must be disinfected before germination and sowing. The following methods are commonly used. Zhoushan Fudan Tourism CO., LTD , https://www.fudanfood.com
First, warm soup soaking
Hot soaking, also known as hot water hot seeding, is a kind of disinfection method suitable for a variety of vegetable seeds, which can kill the pathogenic bacteria latent on the surface of the seeds. The method is simple, easy to operate, and can be combined with soaked seeds. The method is to soak the seeds in hot water of 5-8 times the weight of the seeds (55°C-60°C) for 10-15 minutes, stir while stirring (rotate in one direction). After the hot seeding time is up, lower the temperature of the water. About 30 °C, began to dip seeds. Soaking time depends on the variety, such as cucumber, tomato, sweet pepper, melon and other soaking 5-6 hours, eggplant, bitter gourd, watermelon, wax gourd, loofah and other soaking seeds 22-24 hours, black pumpkin seeds, gourd seeds husk thicker The variety should be soaked for 46-48 hours.
Second, drug treatment
Pharmaceutical treatment seeds are divided into pesticide soaking and chemical seed dressing. Before the chemical treatment, the seeds should be soaked with fresh water for 2-4 hours, and then placed in the medicament for treatment, otherwise it is easy to produce phytotoxicity.
1. Pharmaceutical soaking. This kind of disinfection method differs depending on the type of pathogens. In the case of tomato and pepper virus disease prevention, the seeds can be soaked in fresh water for 2-3 hours, then immersed in 10% trisodium phosphate or 2% sodium hydroxide solution, and removed after 20 minutes, and rinsed repeatedly with clean water. If you prevent vegetable damping-off, tomato early blight, eggplant brown spot, etc., soak the seeds in water for 3-4 hours, then immerse them in 40% formalin 100 times, and remove them after 20 minutes, using a damp cloth. Cover tight for 2-3 hours and then rinse with water. If the control of sweet pepper anthracnose and bacterial spot disease, the seeds can be soaked with clear water for 2-4 hours, then immersed in 1% copper sulfate solution, removed after 5 minutes, washed with water. To control cucumber wilt disease, use 50% carbendazim 500 times solution or formalin 150 times solution soak for 60 minutes, remove and wash with water.
2. Chemical seed dressing. The dosage of the agent is generally 0.3% of the dry weight of the seed, and it is evenly mixed on the seed after soaking treatment. 70% of the commonly used fungicides are dexamethasone, which can control the blight of tomato, pepper and eggplant and bean anthracnose. 50% of thiram can prevent and control bean anthracnose, and cuprous oxide can prevent cucumber damping-off.
Third, seed dry heat treatment
The dried seeds are placed in a drying oven at 70°C for 2-3 days to passivate the virus attached to the seeds, lose their activity, and increase the seed vigor and promote the germination of the seeds. This method can prevent watermelons and peppers. Tomato virus disease.