Organic farming technology, what are the requirements for the production base?
The concept of “organic cultivation†has gradually gained popularity. Many consumers understand that the existing common foods on the market are harmful to the body. As people's living standards gradually improve, the requirements for food are getting higher and higher, but organically grown. It is not free to carry out under any circumstances. It has strict standards for the growing environment, planting technology, biological fertilizers and pests and colds. Today, Xiaobian mainly helps you analyze the site selection criteria of organically grown production bases. ! If organic vegetables are the symbol of food health and safety, then its production base is the source of safety. Many friends may think that the vegetables they grow at home are organic vegetables. This is a very serious misunderstanding. It is a pollution-free vegetable without any safety guarantee, and the real organic cultivation begins with planting the surrounding environment: 1. Organic and environmental protection Organic production and environmental protection are inseparable. Organic production is concerned with the protection of the environment and ecology. At the same time, the impact of the surrounding environment on the production base is also crucial. Therefore, the base will require these two aspects when selecting the site. Try to choose better areas with good biodiversity and wild natural environment. There should be good vegetation conditions in the surrounding area, including trees, shrubs, weeds and other vegetation. There are wild animals such as birds and insects. Wild animals and plants are well protected and have good growth and habitat. The base should be far away from the city, the village and the town (the straight line distance is preferably more than 5km); away from the crowded area (such as the concentrated living village, preferably more than 1km); away from the main traffic line (national road, provincial road, highway, railway, etc., most The distance is more than 1km; or even if it is close to these main lines, the traffic volume is very small, such as remote areas); away from chemical plants and polluting industrial and mining enterprises (this requires professional judgment distance, preferably within 10km); Hospitals, garbage dumps, and other facilities with serious pollution (not within the visual range). Organic production in China will be carried out in accordance with the requirements of China's organic standards, namely: a) The soil environmental quality meets the secondary standard in GB 15618; b) The quality of farmland irrigation water meets the requirements of GB 5084; c) The ambient air quality complies with the secondary standard of GB 3095 and the provisions of GB 9137. Specific quality reports or certification materials for soil, water quality and air should be submitted. 2. Organic base and surrounding conventional base In general, it is unlikely that only organic production will be carried out in one area. Even if organic production is only carried out within the farm, it will be outside the farm or there will be conventionally produced plots around the organic base. Simply put, the organic plot should be in the wind direction (the main wind direction of the production season), the geographical position (the direction of the river flowing through) and the altitude (high and low relationship), all in the upstream of the conventional plot, so as not to be irrigated, The spraying of pesticides and rainfall causes the organic plots to receive drift pollution from conventional plots. Moreover, at the edge of the organic plot, a striking marker should be set to facilitate the distinction between the organic plot and the conventional plot; if it is an adjacent plot, an alert notice should be placed in the buffer, and the card can be marked. Ming "Local block is an organic block, please do not spray pesticides in the adjacent area; if you need to spray, please contact XXX" to protect the soil from being harmed; 3. Production base production input history When selecting an organic base, it is necessary to conduct necessary investigations on the production history of the target base and the history of input use. Focus on understanding the crops in the past three years (what crops, planting methods, annual planting season arrangements, and information on major pests and diseases), production methods (small farmer production, or farm production), production By using the input materials (what fertilizer is used, the drug used for the disease, the drug used for the pest, the concentration of the drug used, the use of the herbicide, etc.), the soil and surface water are basically judged by understanding the above information. (or groundwater) quality, contaminated conditions, and local farmers' production techniques and production habits (because they may be hired to local farmers for production). It is also necessary to judge the influence of conventional production on the organic base by knowing the above information of the conventional conventional plots. 4. New land reclamation or long-term wasteland According to the relevant organic standards, new land reclamation and long-term wasteland (not cultivated for at least 3 years, no shortage of land) can shorten the corresponding conversion period. Therefore, if there are conditions, try to choose such a base. Land reclamation requires the certification of wasteland issued by the local land administration department and the permit for land reclamation; the proof of long-term land reclamation is more troublesome (because the country generally does not allow farmland to be abandoned), it requires the certification of the relevant local government departments, and the farmer (farm) Proof materials, as well as proof of the land reclamation of the plot by surrounding farmers or farms. 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