Nature: Who is more likely to get breast cancer? Scientists newly discovered 70 related gene regions
Release date: 2017-10-27 Four years ago, Hollywood actress Angelina Jolie cut the breast to prevent breast cancer, and she gave an unprecedented attention to the genetic gene BRCA mutation that raised the risk of breast cancer. Today, more relevant genetic regions are emerging. Tens of thousands of large-scale individual genetic data are helping scientists to further unravel the truth about breast cancer. On October 23, the international academic journals Nature and Nature-Genetics published an article that found that 65 and 10 new genetic regions were associated with breast cancer risk through genome-wide association studies. This will help improve the early screening and detection of breast cancer and may provide ideas for the development of new drugs. The results of the two papers came from the "OncoArray Consortium", a scientific alliance dedicated to the study of genetic loci in common cancers, consisting of more than 550 researchers from more than 300 institutions on six continents. The advantage of the alliance lies in the genetic research project that can operate very large data volumes, and through statistical methods, to mine new clues that have been hidden in the vast data. In the article published in Nature, the researchers conducted genetic data on 122,977 Europeans diagnosed with breast cancer, 105,974 healthy Europeans, 14,068 East Asians diagnosed with breast cancer, and 13104 healthy East Asians. Comparison. It was found that 65 new gene regions were significantly associated with the risk of breast cancer. In addition to genetic factors affecting the risk of breast cancer, there are environmental factors. Previously, scientists have identified 105 genetic regions associated with breast cancer. Dr. Li Zhizhong, a doctor of cancer biology and a science writer at Duke University in the United States, who is now working as a researcher in a multinational pharmaceutical company (not involved in this project) explained: “It is important to emphasize that this is not a simple genetic mutation, more accurate. It's a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Everyone's genes are a bit different, which can distinguish different people. The task now is to find those tiny differences (such as a base difference) that can Predict whether a group's risk of developing breast cancer is different from another group." The article Nature-Genetics focuses on a particular subtype of breast cancer: estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer patients. By comparing the genetic data of 21,468 estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer patients, 18,908 BRCA mutations (94,144 breast cancer patients) and 100,594 healthy controls (both European), the researchers found 10 A new site associated with the risk of estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are two genetic genes associated with breast cancer discovered by scientists at the end of the last century. These two genes have the function of inhibiting the occurrence of cancer, and when they are mutated, they increase the possibility of breast cancer. It is worth mentioning that breast cancer patients with BRCA mutations are usually negative for estrogen receptors. Compared with other breast cancer patients, the treatment effect, recurrence rate and survival rate of these patients are less than ideal. Therefore, for groups carrying BRCA mutations, it is especially important to assess risk and decide whether to perform preventive resection. Li Zhizhong said that the new findings published in Nature-Genetics are more meaningful for people with BRCA mutations. "People with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, like Angelina Jolie, have a much higher probability of getting breast and ovarian cancer, but not 100%. These people usually need to make decisions, are they like Julie? Sexual excision of the breast and ovaries. These newly discovered SNPs are helpful for this population because they always require screening and risk assessment. If there are both BRCA mutations and other high-risk SNPs, breast cancer The risk is very high." Li Zhizhong said. Original search Association analysis identifies 65 new breast cancer risk loci Identification of ten variants associated with risk of estrogen-receptor-negative breast cancer Source: Bio 360 (micro signal bio360) Trolley Ultrasound Scanner,Color Doppler Ultrasound,Doppler Ultrasound Diagnostic Instrument,Trolley Full Digital Ultrasound Scanner Mianyang United Ultrasound Electronics Co., Ltd , https://www.uniultrasonic.com