Tomato planting cultivation technique and fertilization method for autumn and winter 2017

Most of the northern regions such as North China are solar greenhouses, and most of them are small and medium-sized arch sheds in central and southwestern China. The amount of NPK fertilizers is high in production, the proportion of nutrient input is unreasonable, soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient accumulation is obvious, and excessive irrigation leads to serious nutrient loss. Soil acidification is common, soil calcium, magnesium, boron and other elements supply obstacles, continuous cropping obstacles and other problems leading to serious soil quality degradation and vegetable quality decline, the following fertilization principles are proposed:

(1) Rational application of organic fertilizer (recommended use of plant-derived organic compost) to adjust the amount of NPK fertilizer, non-calcium soil and acid soil need to supplement calcium, magnesium, boron and other trace elements;

(2) Rationally distribute chemical fertilizer according to crop yield, sorghum and soil fertility conditions, most of the phosphorus fertilizer application, nitrogen and potassium fertilizer application; it is not suitable for frequent topdressing in the early stage of growth, and pay attention to post-flowering and late-stage topdressing;

(3) Combined with drip fertigation technology, adopting the principle of “small number of times”;

(4) The old shed with soil degradation needs to return the straw to the field or apply the organic fertilizer with high C/N ratio, reduce the application of poultry manure, increase the number of rotations, and achieve the purpose of eliminating soil salinization and reducing the obstacles of continuous cropping;

(5) When the acidification of the soil is serious, an acidic soil conditioner such as lime should be applied in an appropriate amount.

2. Fertilization advice

(1) The seedling fertilizer is added to the decomposed organic fertilizer and the phosphate fertilizer is applied. 60-100 kg of poultry manure per 10 m2 of seedbed, 0.5-1 kg of calcium, magnesium and phosphate, 0.5 kg of potassium sulfate, and spraying 0.05%-0.1% urea solution 1~2 times according to the condition of the seedling;

(2) 4 yuan/mu of high-quality organic fertilizer applied to base fertilizer;

(3) The production level is 8000 ~ 10000 kg / mu, nitrogen fertilizer (N) 25 ~ 30 kg / mu, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 8 ~ 18 kg / mu, potassium fertilizer (K2O) 20 ~ 35 kg / mu;

(4) The production level is 6000-8000 kg/mu, the nitrogen fertilizer (N) is 20-25 kg/mu, the phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) is 6-8 kg/mu, and the potassium fertilizer (K2O) is 18-25 kg/mu;

(5) The production level is 4000-6000 kg/mu, the nitrogen fertilizer (N) is 15-20 kg/mu, the phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) is 5-7 kg/mu, and the potassium fertilizer (K2O) is 15-20 kg/mu.

When the soil pH of the vegetable field is less than 6, the calcium, magnesium and boron are easily deficient. The base can be applied with lime (calcium fertilizer) 50-75 kg/mu, magnesium sulfate (magnesium fertilizer) 4-6 kg/mu, and the root application is 2~ 3 times 0.1% boron fertilizer.

More than 70% of the phosphate fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer strip (point), and the rest is applied with the compound fertilizer, 20%~30% of the nitrogen and potassium fertilizer base, 70%-80% after the flower to the ear expansion period, 4 to 8 times with the water chase Shi, each time the application of nitrogen fertilizer (N) does not exceed 5 kg / mu. If drip irrigation and fertilization techniques are used, the topdressing period is 7 to 10 days at the flowering and fruiting stage, the fruiting stage and the fruiting stage, and the amount of nitrogen (N) can be reduced to 3 kg/mu.

This article URL: 2017 autumn and winter facilities tomato planting cultivation techniques and fertilization methods

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