High-yield Cultivation Techniques of Southern Alpine Eggplant Film

What skills do you need to master when planting alpine eggplant? When choosing a variety, you should first choose quality, good commodity and disease resistance. In addition, you should also consider the local specific situation. Therefore, you can choose Pioneer 1 and Hongfu 2 mainly.

1 Cultivation techniques

When cultivating eggplant, it is necessary to use mulch, especially in high mountains, after seedling or transplanting. Usually, the early spring maturing film cover is used for cultivation. In addition, certain incubation facilities must be adopted to extend the fruiting period and increase the yield. Cultivation techniques mainly involve the following aspects.

1.1 Select the sowing date and determine the amount of broadcast

The seedling sowing period is in late February, and the sowing amount is 667 m2, and a seed bed of 5 m2 is planted, wherein the amount of new seeds is 35 g, and the amount of Chen seeds is 50 g.

1.2 Preparing the seedbed and nutrient soil

The extension direction of the nursery nursery is east and west, with a length of 3 to 5 m, a width of 1.3 to 1.5 m, and a depth of 40 to 50 cm. In the preparation of nutrient soil, first select 6 garden soils, the field soil should be 5-7 years without planting the solanaceous fruit, then half a plant ash, 1 part of grass charcoal, 2 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, sieve it and The mixture can be thoroughly mixed to obtain the desired nutrient soil.

1.3 soaking seeds for germination

The eggplant species has a dense and thick skin, and the outer layer is also gelatinous, and has poor water permeability. Therefore, eggplant seed germination has certain difficulty. The key to cultivating strong seedlings is to master the technique of soaking and germination. Firstly, the seed is rinsed out by clear water and soaked for 30 minutes, and then the seeds are disinfected by the method of soaking seeds.

In order to achieve a good germination effect, the immersion time and the concentration of the chemical solution must be strictly controlled. The liquid should be immersed in the seed 5 to 10 cm, the liquid solution is usually used to be 1000 times formalin, and the soaking time is 10 min. Suffered from phytotoxicity. After soaking the liquid, it should be rinsed repeatedly with water, then soaked in water, or soaked in warm soup, that is, put the seeds in hot water at 55 °C, and continue to stir until the temperature reaches 30 °C, then Wash it with water.

In addition, during the soaking process, it is necessary to perform a rinsing every 3 to 4 hours to remove the mucus outside the seed coat, soaking the seeds for 24 to 30 hours, then wrap the seeds with a damp cloth, and the temperature required for germination is 30. °C. It is necessary to carry out a panning once a day, and then drain it and then continue to germination. Usually, it can be germinated in 3 to 5 days, and when the germination rate reaches 50%, seeding can be carried out.

1.4 sowing and seedbed management

The seedling bed should be thoroughly poured 1 day before the sowing. The selected solution is 3 L boiling water and 10 g of 72.2% Plex, which can effectively avoid the disease in the seedling stage. When sowing, a small amount of fine sand or fine soil is added to the seed, which is evenly sprinkled into the seedbed, covered with fine soil of 1 to 2 cm above, and finally covered with a mulch film. Before the seedlings are planted, the seedlings are carried out for 7 to 10 days, and the seedlings are planted at the time of the three leaves and one heart, and the seedlings are planted at a row spacing of 10 cm, or the seedlings are directly planted in the nutrient meal. Then, the seedling water is poured, then the soil is loosened, and then the water quantity and temperature are controlled, and the seedlings are taken, and when the seedlings appear 5 to 6 leaves, the seedlings are cooled at a low temperature. Water the water before planting.

2 Soil preparation and fertilization

2.1 Site preparation

When preparing the soil, the soil should be selected. The soil should be loose and fertile, and have good irrigation and drainage conditions. In order to ensure the looseness of the soil, the depth of the autumn turn should be greater than 25 cm, which will help to store water and protect the fertilizer, and smooth the soil to achieve the purpose of ensuring moisture.

2.2 Reasonable fertilization

When the alpine eggplant is cultivated, its growth is faster, and the result period is more concentrated. Rational fertilization is needed. The quick-acting base fertilizer should be reapplied. Among them, 5,000-7500 kg of composted manure, 200 kg of plant ash and 50 kg are applied per 667 m2. Phosphate fertilizer, and each 1 kg of zinc fertilizer and boron fertilizer should be applied every 100 m2. Apply 50% of the fertilizer first, then spread the tillage, and then concentrate the remaining fertilizer to the rows, thus effectively improving the effect of the fertilizer.

3 colonization

3.1 Determination of the date of colonization

Normally, when the soil temperature is 13 to 15 °C, colonization begins, and the date of colonization is generally in mid-May.

3.2 Determine the density of colonization

The variety of eggplant is different, and the density of planting is different. For Pioneer 1 and Hongfu 2, the number of plants per 667 m2 is about 1,200, and the row spacing is (70-80) cm × (30-35) cm. Or use double-row form, 1.2 m wide and high 畦, at this time the row spacing is 60 cm × 30 cm.

3.3 Adopt a reasonable method of colonization

Cover the mulch before proceeding with colonization. The main purpose of the mulch film is to improve the low temperature of the early growth of the crop. Compared with the mulch after planting, the mulch is covered at the same time of planting or 1 week before planting. The temperature of the soil is several degrees higher, which is more helpful for crops. Growth and slow seedlings are conducive to promoting early maturity of the fruit. In addition, it is easy to handle by covering the mulch before planting. Usually, when the eggplant is planted, it is finally selected in a clear and windless manner. This helps to slow down the seedlings, and according to the determined plant spacing, planing or digging, and applying 30 kg of diammonium phosphate per 667 m2. Put the seedlings into the acupoints, the depth should be moderate, and the planting water should be poured on the day of planting, once.

3.4 Management after colonization

The finishing after planting mainly includes the following points.

First, organize the side branches. The whole branch is carried out by means of double dry pruning. The first side branch under the eggplant needs to be preserved, and the following leaf buds need to be removed.

Second, remove excess leaves. Remove the bottom leaves of eggplant, usually 2 to 3 times, the first time to remove the oldest leaves, pick 2 to 3 pieces, and then remove once every 1 week, and finally, 1 to 2 days before harvesting the eggplant, retain Close to the side branches under the eggplant, and remove all the side buds and leaves below the side branches, which helps the plants grow as soon as possible, and ensure that the plant type is normal and robust.

Third, the flower and fruit. Usually choose 30 ~ 40 mg / L of 2,4-D and every 40 ~ 50 m L / L of PCPA as a flower growth agent, be careful not to repeat the sputum or spray, not to reach the growth point.

Fourth, cultivating soil. When alpine eggplant is mulched and cultivated, the soil under the membrane will basically not grow weeds. Therefore, in general, no cultivating and weeding are required. After the membrane is removed, it is necessary to fertilize and water the soil to change the planting ditch into a high ridge.

Fifth, reasonable watering. Eggplant will need a larger amount of water during the growing season. After 7 days of planting in the open field, it is necessary to water a slow seedling water. At this time, it needs to be irrigated with small water and watered from high to low.

Sixth, reasonable fertilization, usually, 4 to 5 days after planting, pouring seedlings once. The fertilizer and water supply should be properly controlled before the plants are flowered and before the fruit is reached.

4 harvesting

When harvesting eggplant, the appropriate time should be chosen. Generally, the place where the fruit and the bracts are connected is used as the criterion. If the ring is not obvious, the fruit grows slowly. For Pioneer 1 and Hongfu 2, harvesting can be carried out about 50 days after planting. The fruits harvested in the morning are of the best quality, followed by the evening, avoiding harvesting at noon.

5 pest control

5.1 common diseases and prevention

When eggplant is cultivated, the common diseases are verticillium wilt, anthracnose, mites and gray mold. For different diseases, the prevention methods are different, as follows.

Verticillium wilt, usually occurs after the eggplant is fruited, causing damage to the eggplant adult plants. The prevention and treatment method is to select disease-free and disease-resistant seeds; the diseased plants are pulled out in time and buried deep outside the shed; Take the method of filling the root with the liquid medicine, the liquid is 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1500 times, and the liquid amount is 500 m L per plant.

Anthracnose, a fruit that harms mature, the control method is, after the result, start spraying 50% Pythium WP 10,000 times or 80% Anthrax WP WP 600-800 times, 78% Cobo WP 600 times solution, and 1:1:200 Bordeaux mixture.

Cotton blight, harming leaves, stems, roots and fruits, the control method is to spray the agent once every 7 to 10 days, control 2 to 3 times, the agent is 69% Anke manganese zinc wettable powder 600 times liquid, 72.2% Plex water agent 600 ~ 800 times liquid or 64% antivirus 矾 600 times liquid.

Botrytis cinerea, which harms fruits and leaves, is controlled by spraying 50% serotonin 1000 times liquid or 50% procymidone WP 1500 to 2,000 times in the early stage of the disease.

5.2 Common pests and prevention

When eggplant is cultivated, common insect pests are aphids and red spiders. For the control of aphids, 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate should be selected from 1 000 to 1500 times or 25% kungfu emulsifiable concentrate; for red spiders, it should be eliminated in time, and control should use 73% gram of emulsifiable concentrate 1 200 times, 20% gram 2 000 times of emulsifiable concentrate.

The above is all the key points of the high-yield cultivation techniques of the southern alpine eggplant film. You are welcome to come to Huinong.com to learn more. Only master the planting skills to grow good quality eggplant!

Epichlorohydrin (ECH)

Epichlorohydrin, 3-Chloro-1, 2 - epoxypropene, chloropropylene oxide ,ECH .

Molecular Formula: CH2OCHCH2Cl, C3H5OCl

Properties: It is a volatile, unstable colorless liquid with irritating odor similar to chloroform and ether. Molecular weight is 92.85, density, 1.1806g/cm3, boiling point, 116.11°C, freezing point, -57.2°C, refractive index (nd20), 1.4382, flash point (open cup), 40.6°C, and ignition point, 415°C. It is slightly soluble in water, miscible with many organic solvents, and able to generate azeotrope with a variety of organic liquids.

Main Applications:
Epichlorohydrin is an important organic industrial chemical and a chlorine-consuming product in fine chemicals, mainly for producing epoxy resin, synthetic glycerin, epichlorohydrin rubber, nitroglycerine explosives, glass fiber reinforced plastics, and electrical insulation products, which are widely used in the chemical industry, light industry, transportation, medicine, electronics and other fields. It also can be used as solvent for cellulose ester, resin, and cellulose ether, and the raw material of plasticizer, stabilizer, surfactant, and chloroprene rubber.

Toxicity and Protection: It is highly toxic, absorbed through the skin, and irritating to skin and mucous membranes. In higher concentrations, it has the function of narcotism. When poisoning occurs, there will be eye irritation, conjunctivitis, rhinitis, lacrimation, cough, fatigue, gastrointestinal disorders, nausea and other symptoms. Serious poisoning may lead to anesthesia or even lung, liver or kidney damages. Lethal concentration of human beings is 20ppm. Lethal dose of rat is 5090mg/kg. The maximum allowable concentration in air is 5ppm (18mg/m3). Production equipment needs to be closed, air, circulating, and the operator, wear protective equipment. In addition, due to intense auto polymerization, epichlorohydrin can not be heated in the fire in case of container burst. As for reaction as reagent, it is appropriate to be diluted with inert solvent and slowly added.

Packaging, Storage and Transport:
As ferric chloride or stannic chloride can promote auto polymerization, epichlorohydrin should be stored in dry, clean iron barrel, 200kg each, and kept in a cool, ventilated, and dry place, away from fire and heat. Store and transport in accordance with the provisions of flammable toxic substances.

EPICHLOROHYDRIN SPECIFICATION DATA SHEET

Epichlorohydrin (Ech),Epichlorohydrin 106-89-8,99.9% Epichlorohydrin,High Quality Epichlorohydrin

Shandong Tiancheng Chemical Co., Ltd. , https://www.tianchengchemical.com