Why aren't corn now resistant to drought? What is the solution?
Recently, in parts of Henan Province, due to continuous rainfall for more than 50 days, and continuous high temperature weather, the corn in the field is prone to death symptoms. Why is the corn not fighting drought before now? According to the farmers, the previous summer corn was particularly trouble-free. Generally, as long as the seedlings are out, there is no need to manage them. Because the summer maize growing season is in the hot and rainy season in North China, farmers only need to properly apply fertilizer. However, due to the lack of effective precipitation for several consecutive days this year, and the continuous high temperature weather for many days, the corn is in an extremely dehydrated state. Then the problem is coming, the corn is so dry, why are farmers not watering? Hey, listen to what the farmer friend said. 1. Food price issues According to a grandfather, the weather has continued to heat up during this period of time. People are very prone to heatstroke in the wild. The key price of corn in the past few years is not good. One acre of corn is good for selling more than 1,000 yuan. If heat stroke causes physical problems, then Not worth it. And now the corn plants are too high, watering is too much trouble, and one can't do it at all. And the peasants think that it is impossible not to rain this season, so they will go down sooner or later, then wait for it to rain. 2. Soil problems According to the uncle, the current land is poured over the water, and it takes a few days to manage it. In a few days, it is dry again. Why is this problem occurring? Is the soil's water retention capacity so bad? Hey, I will analyze it later. 3. Worried about corn lodging Many farmers' friends worry that if they are subjected to heavy winds and heavy rains, it is very easy for them to fall down. This is a problem that many farmers worry about, especially in such arid weather, the roots of the upper layers of corn have not yet penetrated into the soil, and it is very easy to fall. For the farmers in the mountains, they want to pour, but because there is no irrigation facilities, they can only wait for the rain, there is no way. The problem of food prices and the problem of corn lodging are all other areas. Today we should focus on the second point, which is why the soil water conservation capacity in rural areas is so poor now? Our analysis believes that there are mainly the following points: 1. Use of a large number of chemical fertilizers Many farmers' friends understand that they know that organic fertilizer is better, but the price of organic fertilizer is much higher than that of chemical fertilizer, and the effect is slower. Therefore, farmers' friends can only choose to use fertilizer in large quantities when considering cost and production problems. However, after the large-scale use of chemical fertilizers, the soil in rural areas is seriously deficient in organic matter, the structure of the soil is destroyed, the soil is acidified, the problem of compaction is aggravated, and the water retention capacity and permeability of the soil become worse and worse. 2. Large use of herbicides Since the introduction of herbicides, the application of herbicides on corn has become more widespread, which has not only liberated the labor force but also reduced the labor burden of farmers. After the corn is planted, the farmers will spray the Herbicide, and some even spray the herbicide twice. The grass in the field is gone, but the soil is getting worse and worse, although the herbicide remains in the soil for a short time. However, some of the substances contained in the herbicide have side effects on the soil, the pores of the capillary in the soil become smaller, the permeability is deteriorated, the water-absorbing property is deteriorated, and after the rain and watering, the soil water permeability becomes Poor, easy to block the pores, causing the skin surface crust knot. 3. Excessive investment in plastic products The mulch film and plastic bags are not cleaned and cannot be completely decomposed in the soil to form harmful masses, which hinder the penetration of moisture. Every year, China's waste plastics entering the landfill with domestic garbage account for more than 3% of the weight of landfill waste. Most of them are plastic bag garbage, which is not easily degraded when applied to the soil, causing soil compaction and ultimately causing soil water retention capacity. worse and worse. 4. Mechanical crushing Due to the popularity of agricultural machinery, farmers use agricultural machinery to repeatedly crush the soil during the planting and harvesting process, destroying the inherent agglomerate structure of the soil, reducing the permeability of the soil and making the soil water absorption capacity worse. What are the hazards of soil water retention and fertilizer retention, and what harm does it bring to agricultural production? Decreased water retention capacity of soil compaction will lead to a decrease in root activity caused by hypoxia in crops, weakened cellular respiration, affecting nutrient absorption, and poor crop stress resistance. At the same time, the plant diseases are increased, and the deficiency syndrome is frequent. Some farmers' friends may have this feeling. After the leaves of many crops are yellowed, there is no effect after spraying the foliar fertilizer. In fact, this is not necessarily true deficiency, but because soil compaction leads to imbalance of soil acidity and alkalinity, and soil water supply is not. Equilibrium leads to a decrease in the absorption capacity of the roots of the crop. So how can we avoid this morbidity of the soil? The method is actually very simple, that is to change the fertilization method based on chemical fertilizers, increase the use of organic fertilizers and microbial fertilizers, and at the same time rationally formulate fertilization according to the fertility status of the soil, avoid excessive soil fertility caused by excessive fertilizer, and reduce artificial soil. The destruction. Promote straw returning to the field and no-tillage to improve soil water retention and fertility. For plots with poor water retention capacity, qualified farmers friends recommend reducing or not using herbicides, artificial weeding and weeding, and improving soil drought resistance.
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