Double-membrane early-maturing watermelon cultivation technique
1. Land selection Choose alluvial soil, dark brown soil and white pulp land with good topography and good soil permeability. And away from industrial, mining, hospitals and other sources of pollution. 2. Nursery 2.1 Matching soil decoration According to the ratio of high quality garden soil and farmyard manure 3:2, the nutrient soil is prepared, mixed and sieved into 10 cm 10 cm nutrient bowl, arranged one by one neatly on the bed surface, and watered with watering can To be planted. 2.2 Seed treatment Choose early-maturing, high-yield, disease-resistant varieties such as Jun Lei, Haotian No. 9, Aolong, Zhiguo No. 6, Zhiguo No. 8, and Qinghongbao. In combination with soaking seeds to remove the cockroaches floating on the water surface, select full-bodied seeds of the same size, similar shape, and the same color. Seed disinfection is generally done by soaking seeds in warm soup. Use 50 to 55 ° C warm water or two open and cool hot water soak for 4 to 8 hours, change the water once in the middle. The water consumption is preferably about 20 cm without seeds. After soaking, wash the mucus attached to the seeds with water and drain to germination. In mid-March, the towel treated with high temperature disinfection, wrapped with coarse cotton cloth, placed in a constant temperature of 30 ~ 35 ° C, every 4 to 8 hours, loose bag soil for gas. If the seeds are dry, you need to moisturize once a week. After budding, the seeds are placed in a nutrient bowl and covered with fine sand soil. After sowing, the nutrient bowl is placed in the greenhouse and covered with a plastic film. 2.3 Seedbed management The film is kept warm after sowing. The temperature before emergence is controlled at about 30 °C. After 4 to 5 days of 80% melon seedlings, the film can be removed. The temperature is too high for the wind to prevent the length. After emergence, the bed temperature should be strictly controlled before the first true leaf is unfolded, generally not exceeding 25 °C. Increase the vents 7 to 10 days before planting, and gradually reduce the temperature of the seedlings. The plastic film was completely removed 3 to 5 days before transplanting. It is generally not watered before emergence, and when the seedbed is dry, water can be sprayed with a watering can, which should be carried out on a sunny morning. After the real leaves are unfolded, the amount of water sprayed can be increased, and water is sprayed once every 3 to 5 days. Do not water for 1 to 2 days before transplanting, in order to prepare seedlings. Generally, 30 days after sowing, the melon seedlings are 6 to 7 cm high, the leaves are bright green, the leaves are thick, and there are 3 to 4 leaves, which can be colonized. 3. Colonization At the end of March and the beginning of April, 600-800 plants were planted per acre, and the planting method of wide-bed narrow plants was adopted. The row spacing was 1.5 meters and the plant spacing was 40-45 cm. The depth of planting is preferably 1 to 2 cm above the ground after covering the soil. Do not be too deep or too shallow, planting acupuncture points. Planted in a hole, covered with soil and gently compacted, then watered. After planting, the opening covers the mulch and the arch shed is insulated. 4. Management of colonization 4.1 Ventilation and heat preservation After the planting, the melon seedlings are generally not ventilated for 3 to 5 days. After the seedlings are slowed down, the temperature is gradually increased, and the ventilation and ventilation time are gradually increased. The bed temperature should be kept at 25-30 °C during the daytime, and the maximum temperature is not more than 35. °C. In mid-May, the small arch shed was withdrawn as the outside temperature gradually increased. 4.2 Pruning vines generally use three vines, the main vines. Every 40 cm, use the clods to hold the vines to prevent the vines from being blown by the wind and cause damage. At the same time, they can produce adventitious roots and increase absorption capacity. Remove all the lice from the three vines and control the growth of the vine leaves. 4.3 Artificial pollination, the best time for artificial pollination is 8 to 10 o'clock in the sunny day, the optimal temperature for pollination and pollination is 21 to 25 °C. When the female flower of the selected section is open, pollinate with the male flower that blooms on the day, remove the male flower corolla, and gently spread the pollen on the stigma of the female flower sitting on the melon node. Date after pollination. 4.4 Keep the melon, remove the root melon and choose the second or third melon on the main vine. The shape is required to be correct and the growth is good. 4.5 Fertilizer management After the young melon eggs are grown, every 5 to 7 days, water is poured once, with 15 kg of urea per acre, 15 kg of potassium sulfate, and when the melon grows to a diameter of 15 cm, every 2 to 3 Water is poured once a day, during which 1 to 5 kg of urea per acre, 4 kg of superphosphate, and 15 kg of potassium sulfate. Always keep the soil moist, stop watering 3 to 5 days before harvesting. In combination with the prevention and control of pests and diseases, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added to the liquid, and 30 grams per acre is used as a root dressing. 5. Pest control 5.1 Agricultural control rotation, change with field crops or vegetable crops, use disease-resistant varieties according to local conditions, remove weeds in the field and surrounding areas, deepen the land, destroy wintering places to reduce pests and diseases, strengthen field management, and improve disease resistance. 5.2 Chemical control 66.5% Plex water agent 1000 ~ 1500 times liquid to prevent seedling stage collapse. Use 80% anthrax Fami 800 times solution Prevention of anthrax. Use 65% Daisen zinc wettable powder 500 ~ 600 times liquid spray to control the blight. Control powdery mildew with 25% powder rusting wettable powder 2000 times. The wilt disease was controlled by using 70% methyl thiophanate 1000 times solution, and the virus disease was controlled by using 2% gram gram gram 1000-1500 times solution. 6. Harvest According to the pollination time, the maturity of watermelon is estimated, and the early maturity variety is 25 to 28 days. Medium-bred varieties are 30 to 35 days old. Late-maturing varieties are about 40 days old. After pollination, the temperature is high and the maturity is different. Take a cut and observe the maturity. Morphological identification is also possible. The melon pattern is clear, the melon skin is shiny, the joint between the fruit handle and the melon is sunken, the hair is detached, and the hand has a discreet sound, and the melon is mature. Prevent picking melons from affecting quality. Harvesting is best done in the morning or evening. Prevent sun and rain, you can go public. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If legal rights of third parties are involved, please inform this website. phone Grain powder is a kind of solid powder obtained by spray drying after breaking the wall of grain with high protein content. It can also be made into small molecular peptides by enzymolysis. It is a good helper for food additives and nutritional supplements. 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