High-yield planting techniques and market benefits of Astragalus

1 Scientific selection of land preparation

For the cultivation of Astragalus, it is necessary to choose loam or sandy loam with high topography, sunny, deep soil layer, good drainage and irrigation conditions, and low groundwater level. At the end of the land selection, we must do a good job in land preparation. Deeply ploughing the land in autumn, the deep turning depth is maintained between 25 and 30 cm, ensuring that the ground soil is finely divided and there is no large clods. Combine the land preparation to do the basic fertilizer application work. Generally, 3000 kg of fully decomposed organic fertilizer is applied per 667 m2. Finely flattened before sowing, making a sorghum with a width of 1.8m and a width of 40cm. It is best to excavate the deep drainage ditch around the road to ensure smooth drainage and irrigation in the field.

2 timely sowing

Summer sowing is generally around the beginning of May, and autumn sowing is usually around October. It is necessary to select the seeds produced in the current season, which are bright, dry, highly active, and full of health as seeds, and the seeds are properly treated according to the actual situation. When the field is suitable, on the flattened surface, according to the line spacing of 25~27cm, open a seeding ditch in the horizontal direction, the ditch depth is 2~3cm, the broadcast width is 7~10cm, and the selected seeds and fine sand are evenly mixed and evenly distributed. Sprinkle into the seeding ditch, cover the soil 1~1.5cm above, and cover the top with a layer of straw to play the role of heat preservation and protection. Generally, the amount of seed is 0.75 to 1 kg per 667 m2. For soil fertility, the seeding density should be increased appropriately, and the soil fertility should be properly diluted.

3 Do a good job in field management

3.1 Miao Ding Miao

After the seedlings of Astragalus membranaceus are planted, when the seedling height grows to about 4 to 5 cm and the time seedlings are to be planted, the seedlings and weak seedlings in the over-density area are all gone, and the seedling distance is maintained at 3 to 4 cm. When the seedling height grows to about 7-8 cm, the seedlings are fixed in time. In the process of fixing the seedlings, it is necessary to follow the principle of going to stay small, stay weak and stay strong, and ensure the number of seedlings in the field. When the seedlings are fixed, the seedlings should be replenished in time to ensure the seedlings in the field.

3.2 cultivating and weeding

Astragalus sinensis is planted between the whole seedlings and the ridges, and cultivating and weeding 2 to 3 times during the whole growth period of the planting year. The first cultivating should be shallow, because the newly born scutellaria seedlings grow slowly and the root system is weak, avoiding the damage caused by deep cultivating to the roots of Astragalus membranaceus and affecting seedling growth. It is carried out several times before the ridge of the scutellaria, and the cultivating and rooting can be carried out by deep cultivating and weeding. Before the emergence of Astragalus, it is necessary to ensure that the soil in the field is moist, which is the key to ensuring the whole seedling and strong seedlings. When the roots of the seedlings are deeply rooted in 10 cm of soil, they have a certain ability to resist drought and can be used without irrigation. After the second and third years of planting, the roots of Astragalus membranaceus are deeply rooted, the leaves are luxuriant, and have a certain ability to resist drought. Under normal circumstances, irrigation is not required. Astragalus is drought-tolerant and afraid of phlegm. After entering the rainy season, it is necessary to do field drainage work. Too much rain in the field or water in the ditch can easily cause rotten roots.

3.3 Do a good job in fertilization

After the first year of seedlings and seedlings, combined with cultivating and weeding, the first topdressing will be carried out once in June and October, and the second and third years can be combined with the first cultivating and weeding after topdressing. In June and October, each time the top dressing was carried out. Generally, 10 kg of diammonium phosphate, 25 kg of superphosphate, and 5 kg of potassium are applied per 667 m2. The fertilizer is applied to the fertilizer and the ridge is applied, and then the fertilizer is covered with the cultivating soil. Or the first 2 times of topdressing per 667m2 into the human and animal urine 2000kg. In October, 15kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 25kg of superphosphate and 5kg of potassium fertilizer were applied to the roots of Astragalus membrance every 667m2. After topdressing, the soil was timely cultivated to ensure the safe wintering of Astragalus. In addition to root topdressing, root dressing has a significant role in ensuring high yield and stable yield of Astragalus. You can choose to use 2% calcium superphosphate solution for foliar fertilization, use 50 ~ 70g / m2, before the flowering of Astragalus and each flowering, it is appropriate to spray in the evening without wind.

3.4 Do a good job in pest control

The pests and diseases of Astragalus membranaceus mainly include aphids, leaf blight and root rot. In view of the good prevention and control of these pests and diseases, it is necessary to scientifically select drugs for drug treatment. Aphids can choose 50% 蚜 蚜 超 ultra-wet WP 2000 times or 20% 灭多威乳 1500 times, 50% 蚜松乳 1000-1500 times, 50% phoxim EC 2000 times, 80% Dichlorvos EC 1000 times liquid control. Astragalus leaf blight can be used in the early stage of the disease with 50% carbendazim WP, 1000 times solution 1:1:120 Bordeaux liquid spray, spray once every 7 ~ 10d, for 2 to 3 times. Astragalus root rot can choose to use 50% carbendazim WP 1000 times spray at the beginning of the disease, spray once every 7~10d, 2~3 times; or spray 80% Guanlong-21 WP The 1500 times solution or the 50% thiophanate 1000 times solution was used to water the diseased plants, and the control effect was remarkable.

4 Benefit Analysis

Astragalus can be planted all year round, can be broadcast live or seedling transplanting, adaptability is very strong, the growth period is 1 ~ 5a, the middle can be excavated at any time. The longer the growth period, the higher the yield, the better the quality and the higher the price. If the seed is harvested in the third year of growth, the yield can reach 15kg/667m2. Generally, the yield of 3a in dry land is 600-700kg/667m2, and the output of 5a is 900kg/667m2. The current market price is 180-200 yuan/kg. Fresh and dry goods can be sold, and with seed income, the benefits are even more impressive.

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