Cultivation technology of zucchini in greenhouse

I. Selection of varieties At present, bananas with a large planting area in the early generation, black beautiful, emerald and yellow peel are used.

2. Stubble arrangement: Early spring stubble can be planted 20-30 days earlier than cucumber. It is advisable to plant from January to February for planting from late February to early March. It will be listed in mid-April, and seedlings will be planted in early June; autumn and winter stubble in August Sowing in late September, planting in late September, harvesting in early November, can be delayed until late April of the following year.

Third, nursery technology

1. Strong seedling indicators

The plant height is 15-16cm, the stem thickness is 0, 4-0, 5cm, with 2-3 true leaves, short internodes, compact plant shape, well-developed root system, and no pests. In order to achieve the strong seedling index, the seedlings should be raised: soil dipper should be large (10-12cm), seedling age should be short (average seedling age 30-35 days), and the temperature should be low (18-22 ° C during the nursery day, 8 at night) -10 ° C).

2. Seeding

500 grams of seeds are needed per 667 square meters. Soak the seeds in warm water at 60-62 ° C for 10-15 minutes, sterilize, then soak the seeds for 8-10 hours, cover with wet gauze after draining, and destroy the buds at 25-28 ° C for 48 hours. The proportion of nutrient soil for nursery seeding is half of organic matter and fertilizer garden soil. Fully mix and put into a plastic cup. After irrigation, each cup is sown with a germinated seed, and the soil is 20cm thick. In order to increase the ground temperature, a geothermal wire can be laid in the nursery bed.

3. Seedling management

Sowing until emergence, the temperature is 25-30 ° C during the day, 16-20 ° C at night, and the seedlings can emerge after 3-4 days. In order to prevent the seedlings from growing out, the temperature should be reduced. The temperature during the day is 20-22 ° C, and the night is 10-12 ° C. , Can not only make seedlings grow robustly, but also promote female flower differentiation. In the late nursery period, the seedlings are subjected to low-temperature exercise, with a temperature of 18-20 ° C during the day and 6-8 ° C at night. Plastic cup seedlings should master the principle of temperature and water control, and seedlings should be irrigated when they are dry. Generally, 2-3 times of irrigation during the seedling period. In order to make the seedlings grow neatly, the mobile seedling method should be adopted. The large seedlings should be placed on the south side of the greenhouse seedbed, and the smaller seedlings should be placed in the middle of the seedbed where the light temperature is better. Distance to make the seedlings neat and robust.

Fourth, planting technology

1. Fertilization on the ground. Zucchini has a well-developed root system and strong water-absorbing fertility. Apply 3-4 tons of fully-fermented organic fertilizer per 667 square meters, 20 kg of phosphorus diamine, turn it over twice, and deepen it by 20-25 cm. Combined with universal application, two-thirds of the organic fertilizer was sprayed with cappuccino, and one-third of the organic fertilizer was applied in strips or holes. Then, a high ridge with a width of 60 cm, a groove width of 40 cm, and a height of 15 cm was made, and then covered with plastic film.

2. Manage early spring after planting, when the ground temperature of 10cm is stable above 8-10 ℃. The temperature is stable above 3 ° C, and the temperature above 20 ° C during the day is maintained at about 5-6 hours. Planting can be done at the beginning of February, with a row spacing of 1m, plant spacing of about 40cm, and 2000 plants per 667 square meters. Select "cold tail hot head" for a sunny morning. When planting, open the hole to irrigate the water, seal it with moist soil, and then irrigate again after 2-3 days; after the seedlings survive, choose sunny days and conduct a furrow irrigation. After irrigation, the surface is dry, and the soil will be loosened by a tiller. The autumn and winter crops are planted in early September, and it is selected to be carried out on a cloudy afternoon. After the planting, in order to prevent high temperature dead seedlings, a sunshade net can be covered to prevent high temperature and strong light to promote slow seedlings. During flowering and fruit setting, the temperature during the day is 20-25 ℃, and the night temperature is above 15 ℃; during the fruit expansion period, the daytime temperature is 20-23 ℃, and the night temperature is 13-15 ℃. In terms of water and fertilizer management, the seedling period before flowering and fruit setting is mainly based on water conservation and fertilizer control to prevent excessive growth or "crazy seedlings" due to excessive soil water and fertilizer. When the root melon fruit begins to expand, 15-20 kg of diamine phosphate is applied every 667 square meters in combination with irrigation. When the second and third fruits are enlarged, a second top dressing is applied, and 20 kg of urea is applied every 667 square meters. After irrigation and topdressing, pay attention to ventilating and dehumidifying to prevent gray mold.

3. Zucchini with flowers and fruits are easily grown in greenhouses, and artificial pollination must be carried out. The method is: "Pick the male flowers to remove the corolla at 6-10 am every day, and gently place the stamens of the male flowers on the female stigma. Applying, you can complete artificial pollination, each male flower can pollinate 3-4 female flowers. Treat the stigma and fruit stigma with 20x10 -6 2,4-D or 60x10-6 anti-fallin to prevent melons and promote fruit expansion Spraying 0,1% Suconing medicinal solution to the stigma of young fruit can prevent gray mold from harming the young fruit.

4. Plant adjustment

(1) Zucchini is planted in the winter and spring seasons for good ventilation and light transmission. Each plant was hanged with nylon rope to make the plants grow upright.

(2) Pruning leaves

Zucchini is the main vine, and the side branches should be removed as soon as possible. Zucchini have large leaves and long petioles, which are easy to shade accordingly. Early removal of diseased, yellow, residual and old leaves can promote ventilation and light transmission and prevent diseases. Infection.

(3) In the late stage of renewal pruning, the middle and lower leaves are aging, and the plant growth is weak. The middle and lower leaves should be removed, and the upper and lower side branches should be selected. After topping, the main vines will be replaced.

V. Harvesting

Zucchini uses fresh and straight young fruits as products. When the young fruits grow to 0.5-1.0 kg, they should be harvested and listed. In particular, early harvest of the two fruits should prevent "falling seedlings" and ensure high yield. After the young fruits are harvested, they are wrapped in unedged paper and packed in boxes.

Six, pest control

1.Gray mold

Gray mold first impregnates the ovary from the stigma of the pistil during the flowering stage, making the top of the young fruit moldy and rotten, losing the value of the product. In addition to strengthening the ventilation and dehumidification, it can be sprayed with 50% skelon 1500-2000 times the liquid; 58% Rexomycin 1000-1500 times liquid; can also be smoked with chlorothalonil aerosol.

Powdery mildew

Pharma control 20% powder rust emulsion 2000 times liquid; 50% sulfur rubber suspension agent 300-400 times liquid; 70% methyl tobbutin 1000 times liquid; Fuxing 800 times liquid. In addition, the use of 500 times solution of baking soda and 300 times solution of saline also has certain control effects.

3.Aphids

Use 40% deltamethrin emulsion 3000-4000 times liquid; 1, 8% ifodin EC 1000-1500 times liquid; 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 1500 times liquid prevention and control.

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