Protected cultivation of vegetables in protected areas
The so-called "avoiding disease" cultivation is to take comprehensive preventive measures before the occurrence of vegetable diseases to prevent the occurrence of vegetable diseases. In the protected areas, the disease should be focused on prevention and supplemented by treatment, so as to reduce the production cost and increase the economic efficiency, so as to prevent the accident. Protected areas should minimize the occurrence of vegetable diseases and reduce losses. The following points should be made in production: First, the preparation of vegetables before planting. First of all, remove the remains of weeds and pre-sauce vegetables to reduce the impact on post-harvest vegetables. Secondly, the sheds are treated according to the planting time of the leeks and the length of the leisure period, and the sheds are properly treated. For example, the sun is used to expose the film; the film is covered with high temperature and the shed is covered with smoke, fumigant or spray. Insecticides and fungicides are used to disinfect the shed to kill remaining pathogens and pests. Once again, the treatment of the soil is based on the status of pests and diseases of the previous crop and the remnants of the pests in the soil. The soil is then treated, such as pesticides, phoxim particles or avermectin powder. Then carry out deep-drying to kill pests in the soil and eradicate soil-borne pests and diseases. If the soil in the shed is heavily salted and acidified, water-inundation can be used to wash off the residual salt alkali ions in the soil. Through the above methods, a good growth environment is created for the growth of vegetables so as to avoid the occurrence of vegetable pests and diseases. Second, optimize fertilization, cultivate robust plants, improve the disease resistance of vegetables. Before the fertilization, the fertility of the soil is first evaluated. According to the fertilization of the preceding crop, the soil can be fertilized conditionally, and the fertilization can be reasonably performed according to the characteristics of the required fertilizer of the vegetables. When fertilizing, the amount of fertilizer should be reasonable, and the amount of fertilizer should not be blindly increased. In particular, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should not be too large. The nutrient content of fertilizer produced today is varied. For a certain kind of vegetable, it is not that the nutrient content is as good as possible, but it is better to apply the fertilizer suitable for the nutrient demand of the vegetable plant so as to avoid improper fertilization. Fatigue and waste. For example, leafy vegetables require more nitrogen, and solanaceous plants require more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Tomato deficiencies cause calcium rot in tomatoes. The demand for calcium in tomatoes is particularly important. Therefore, different vegetables have different nutrient requirements and should be based on Reasonably choose fertilizer for vegetables. When fertilizing, the basic fertilizer should be given priority to the application of biological and organic fertilizers, and the appropriate amount of chemical fertilizers should be applied. The top-dressing, flushing, and foliar fertilizers should be dominated by organic-inorganic compound fertilizers. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be reasonable and the application amount of microbial fertilizer should be increased. Carbon dioxide fertilizer should also be applied on the protected area in time. When applying organic manure, it must be fully decomposed in order to avoid decomposition and application into the soil, resulting in organic acids, resulting in vegetable root burning; if using animal manure as top dressing, it must be ventilated in a timely manner to avoid causing ammonia poisoning of vegetables and producing fertilizer. harm. Through the above reasonable optimization of fertilization, provide a balanced supply of nutrients for the growth of vegetables, so that the vegetables grow robustly, avoiding the occurrence of pests and diseases, thereby maximizing the economic benefits of growing vegetables. Third, strictly in accordance with the growth characteristics of various vegetables, regulate environmental conditions, to avoid the occurrence of vegetable diseases. In the special environmental conditions of protected areas, special attention should be paid to the regulation of air temperature and humidity. In greenhouses, it is easy to form high-temperature and high-humidity in summer, and easy to form low-temperature and high-humidity conditions in winter. Such environmental conditions can easily cause various diseases of vegetables. For example, in the fertilization watering, foliar spray fertilizer spraying, in the foliage and the film on the film, there are droplets generated, there are even in the case of cloudy days and other conditions will increase the humidity inside the greenhouse, must be timely dehumidification. In the seedling stage, vegetables are very sensitive to temperature and humidity. The high temperature can easily burn the young leaves of the seedlings. The low temperature can easily cause freezing damage to the seedlings. The humidity is high and the seedlings are easy to get tripping and set off. Therefore, the temperature and humidity of the seedlings should be especially good. Regulation, to lay a good foundation for nurturing strong seedlings and improving disease resistance of seedlings. Vegetables in the shed indoors, in the summer heat season, while increasing ventilation, but also pay attention to shade, in order to avoid high temperature burns vegetables; in the cold season in winter, to do the insulation measures of the shed, we must pay attention to the vents and entrances At the place of protection, air curtains should be suspended at the vents and entrances and exits to prevent cold air from blowing directly onto the vegetables and causing freezing damage. When the weather is long and sunny in winter, it is necessary to pay attention to the temperature in the shed not to rise too fast. Shading is also required to avoid the danger of burns when vegetables are suddenly exposed to high temperatures. For the demand of temperature and humidity, different vegetables are different. For the same vegetable in different physiological periods, the demand for temperature and humidity is not the same. Therefore, vegetable farmers should understand their own vegetables, in different physiological periods, the temperature and humidity The demand situation is well-known, so as to adjust a good growth environment for the growth of vegetables, make vegetables grow robustly, increase the resistance of vegetables to diseases, and avoid the occurrence of diseases. Fourth, during the whole growing season, according to the incidence of the disease and the incidence of vegetable diseases, the use of protective broad-spectrum agents before the disease to prevent. It is necessary to alternately use several agents, grasp the drug concentration, scientifically mix pesticides, and apply pesticides, spreaders, penetrants, and nutrient-type foliar fertilizers, production increasers, and regulators when spraying pesticides. In cloudy days, aerosols and dust should be used as much as possible. Within the protected area, aerosols should be regularly used to sterilize the entire environment. Before and during the planting period, the soil must be fully sterilized. In pest-infested seasons, trapping plates and fluorescent lamps are also used to attract moths in the shed to reduce pests and diseases transmitted by insects. Due to the increased resistance of certain diseases, it is very difficult for vegetable farmers to prevent and treat diseases. Therefore, vegetable farmers must be good at using some new types of pesticides in vegetable production in order to improve the control effect and reduce the incidence of vegetable diseases. Fifth, choose good disease resistance vegetable varieties. In greenhouses, due to the continuous cultivation of vegetables, the disease resistance has increased, causing more and more serious damage to vegetables, resulting in lower and lower production efficiency, serious vegetable production, and large losses to vegetable farmers. The vegetable farmers should choose good varieties with good disease resistance. Tomatoes have anti-virus, anti-nematode varieties, cucumber varieties resistant to downy mildew, cold-resistant varieties, modern technology has developed rapidly, there are many good varieties on the market, vegetable farmers should pay attention to select good disease-resistant varieties, in order to avoid the occurrence of diseases, To increase economic efficiency, but at the same time, vegetable farmers should also be cautious when selecting new varieties. Small areas should be used for experimentation first to ensure that they are safely adapted to the local environment and that they are planted on a large area so as to be completely safe. 6. Reasonably use high-tech new products to handle vegetables. Due to the special nature of the production of shed vegetables, planting of off-season vegetables and the special environment of sheds, it brings some unfavorable environmental factors to vegetable production. Shelves of vegetables are vulnerable to high temperature, low temperature, and lack of light, which leads to the growth of vegetables. bad. Under the current situation, scientific and technological progress is accelerating and new products continue to emerge. Vegetable growers must be good at learning to apply these new products and play a role in promoting, protecting and preserving fruits in vegetable production, promote the growth of vegetables, and enhance the diseases and droughts of vegetables. Cold, waterlogging and other adverse environmental resistance. For example, “Fluid Granules†is not only a good agent for increasing production, but also can increase the resistance to diseases and adverse environments by regulating gene expression. There are also new types of biological bacterial fertilizers, seaweed fertilizers, Tianda 2116 likes, and stable plants. The state membrane plays a very good role in the regulation of vegetable production, thereby improving the resistance of vegetables, reducing the occurrence of vegetable diseases, and increasing the economic benefits of vegetable production. Ice Hair Removal,Ice Laser Hair Removal,Ice Therapy Hair Removal,Ice Cold Ipl Hair Removal Shenzhen Jie Zhong Lian Investment Co., Ltd. , https://www.szmeizon.com