Research and application of wearable technology in medical treatment
Editor's note: Since Google launched Google Glass in 2012, wearable technology and devices have become hot spots in the market, such as health-related wearable devices, including sports bracelets and sports heart rate watches. In fact, because the medical field hopes to monitor the physiological indicators of the human body for a long time, to grasp the dynamic process of these physiological indicators, it provides a more sufficient basis for clinical diagnosis. At the end of the 20th century, people began to research new sensing technologies and computing methods for wearable devices, hoping to develop wearable devices for clinical applications. With the development of low-power chip technology, sensing technology and wireless communication technology, medical wearable product research has attracted more and more researchers and enterprises to participate. It is believed that medical products based on wearable technology will soon enter the market and become an important support for mobile medical treatment , which will affect the future medical service model. 0 preface With the advent of an aging society, the number of patients with chronic diseases is increasing, and people are paying more attention to their own health problems. With the popularity of smart phones, the rise of mobile Internet and smart hardware has made wearable technologies and devices a hot spot for research and product development. A wearable device is a general term for a device that can be worn or worn on a person's body, meaning a portable device that assists a person, and is an implementation of wearable technology. The application of wearable technology in the field of medical devices, such as health monitoring, precise drug delivery therapy, and exercise assist in patients outside the hospital, in the home environment, has become a hotspot in medical device innovation, and products have begun to be gradually applied in clinical practice. practice. This article will introduce the research and application of wearable devices in several fields such as measurement and monitoring, treatment, rehabilitation, etc., and analyze the opportunities and challenges that wearable medical devices may face in the future. 1 Application of wearable devices in measurement and monitoring Wearable devices have been widely researched and applied in measurement and monitoring due to their advantages of miniaturization, intelligence and portability. 1.1 cardiac monitoring According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a total of 19 million people worldwide died of heart disease in 2009. According to relevant data, the number of people dying from heart-related diseases in China is second only to the number of deaths from cancer and cerebrovascular diseases. The main cause of morbidity is acute myocardial infarction and fatal arrhythmia. Compared with other diseases, the onset of heart disease is more sudden and random. Many people will aggravate their illness and even lead to death because they miss the best time for rescue or treatment. According to clinical data, due to the lack of effective monitoring, most of the cardiac arrests died outside the hospital, about 60% to 75%, of which 1/2 to 3/4 died at home, and 7% to 12% died in jobs. 8% die in public places, so daily prevention and testing is an important means of detecting and controlling cardiovascular disease. At present, the diagnosis of heart disease is mainly through the analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) to determine the physiological function of the heart. Electrocardiographs and Holter dynamic electrocardiographs are commonly used clinically to record ECG. The electrocardiograph can only record short-term ECG, which is often used to diagnose normal heart disease or hidden dangers. It can not fully reflect cardiac activity and effectively capture ECG abnormalities. Holter's dynamic electrocardiograph, including single-lead, double-lead or 12-lead recordings, records ECG data in patients' daily lives for 24 hours and can detect abnormalities in the heart that are not easily detected by conventional ECG. However, Holter dynamic electrocardiogram needs to adhere 7 AgCl electrodes to the skin of the chest and abdomen. Not only does the wire interfere with life, but it can easily cause skin itching and other adverse reactions, which makes it impossible for more than 1 week. Long-term monitoring. Yan Hongyi and others of Changchun University of Science and Technology designed a wearable garment that replaced the traditional viscous electrode with a silver-plated fabric electrode, effectively overcoming the problem that the electrode performance caused by the long-term use of the viscous electrode decreased with time, and the conductive adhesive irritated the skin. The four fabric electrodes implanted in the wearer are respectively located at the left and right sternum stems and the left and right lower abdomen positions, and are connected by a built-in wire of the clothes and a data acquisition device to provide a three-channel ECG signal. The test results show that the average recognition accuracy of the R-wave measurement of the ECG wearable garment is as high as 96.37% in low-intensity environments such as walking, going up and down stairs, and handling light objects. The hearing aid dynamic electrocardiograph designed by David Da He of Cambridge University is very small. The device uses the in-ear hearing aid front end to realize sound amplification, synchronously collects ECG and acceleration data, and transmits data to the host through wireless communication. It is only necessary to put the front end into the ear and stick the electrode behind the ear, which has little interference to daily life. After the ECG and acceleration data are processed by the MCU (MSP430), the real-time dynamic ECG can be viewed on the computer. Gummy Candy,Gummy Worms,Sweet Candy,Soft Candy Montreal Shantou Food Co., Ltd , https://www.montrealsnack.com