Common symptoms of pesticide injury
Radishes planted in autumn and winter are susceptible to clubroot disease. The club root disease is characterized by the formation of tumors on the lateral roots. The main roots do not grow, do not swell, and are small in size. The shoots grow slowly, the plants dwarf, and the leaves wilt at noon, recovering early and late. The leaf color is chlorotic and yellow, plants wither and die, and the roots of the flesh have a bitter taste. The root radish disease of radish is a fungal disease. The prevention and control method is as follows: Before planting radish, use lime to disinfect the soil, use 75 to 100 kilograms per acre, spread it evenly in the soil, and plow till with ploughshare. Full contact with the soil in order to eliminate various germs in the soil and adjust the soil to slightly alkaline, which is conducive to the growth of radish, and inhibit the propagation of germs. When radishes are grown, applying 400 to 500 kg per acre of fermented organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer can effectively enhance the ability of radish to resist clubroot disease and reduce the incidence of radish. At the seedling stage, combine soil, apply 25-30 kg of 50% calcium cyanamide granules per acre, and apply soil after cultivation to protect the seedling root from root tuberculosis. During root elongation of the radish root, an aqueous solution of 800 times Bacillus subtilis, or 800 times 50% aqueous solution of pentachloronitrobenzene, or 600 times 50% aqueous solution of sodium propionate, or 1000 times, is applied to the roots every 10 to 15 days. 25% fludioxonil solution, or 1,000 times 30% Famylline solution, or 600 times 47% spring thunder Wong copper aqueous solution, or 1000 times 25% methyllithophoric acid solution for prevention and control, continuous shower 2~3 Secondly, evenly soak the soil around the roots of the radish plant, and it is advisable to completely penetrate the soil around the roots without flowing out. In this way, radish will not be infected with clubroot disease. Common symptoms of pesticide injury Inoculants, acaricides, herbicides Manco manganese zinc (non-complexed mancozeb) Should not be used for soybeans, litchi, grape young fruit, tobacco, cucurbitaceae crops, some pear varieties with caution, small pear fruit mancoena zinc prone to fruit surface spots. When the concentration is too high, phytotoxicity can easily occur on jujube trees. Propiconazole In the seedling stage, it is easy to use seedlings to reduce the rate, seedling rigidity, inhibit growth, burn young fruit, try to use in the later stages of crops; sensitive to melons, grapes, strawberries, tobacco and other crops, please strictly control the dosage, use after fruit set. â— Pentachloronitrobenzene When used in excess, pentachloronitrobenzene is susceptible to phytotoxicity when it comes into contact with the young shoots of the crop. â— Chlorothalonil High concentrations of pears, persimmons, peaches, plum easily produce phytotoxicity. It cannot be used within 20 days after the apple is dropped. â— Badaming Can not be mixed with strong acidic drugs, 100 times liquid may have mild phytotoxicity to wheat, use caution. Neomycin There is a slight phytotoxicity to soybeans and alfalfa, and care should be taken when using soybeans and alfalfa. Sulphur Cucumbers, beans, potatoes, peaches, plums, pears, grapes and other crops are sensitive to the drug and are prone to phytotoxicity. Use should be adapted to reduce the concentration or to reduce the number of applications, high temperature season should be applied early and late to avoid the application of noon. â—Oil emulsion In the germination and flowering period, 150 times of sprayer oil emulsion and 40% of water phosphoramidite are 1200-1500 times, causing phytotoxicity. Only 10 to 15 days after the oil emulsion is sprayed, the lime sulfur agent and Bordeaux mixture can be sprayed; sprayed pine alkali mixture within 1 week. Do not use organophosphorus pesticides. Do not spray lime sulfur compounds for 20 days. â— Chunlei Copper Oxychloride The young leaves of apples, grapes, soybeans, and alfalfa are sensitive to the drug, causing slight curls and brown spots. Use caution when using them. It is advisable to spray me after 4 pm. â— Bordeaux mixture Cabbage, peach, plum, and nai are sensitive during the growth period, and no matter what formula is prone to injury, they can be used on apples, pears, and grapes. Prevention of orange scab in spring, temperature exceeds 30°C, shoot length exceeds "25px" length, spray 0.8% of Bordeaux equivalent solution will cause serious burning buds, should be changed to spray 0.5% times the amount of Pol safer; pear to copper Sensitive to ions, use multiple Bordeaux fluids; grape sensitive to lime, the use of lime Bordeaux mixture, such as high temperature during the summer before and after noon, rainy days, dry morning fog and large wind and air spray are likely to cause phytotoxicity. â—Stone sulfur mixture The young tissues of grapes, peaches, pears, plums, plums, apricots, and other fruit trees are prone to phytotoxicity and should be used with caution. It is best to spray them in the deciduous season. Do not use them in the growing season or in the fruit and fruit period. For kiwifruit, grapes, cucumbers and leguminous flowers, there are certain phytotoxicity. â— 2,4 drops of butyl ester Dicotyledonous plants such as cotton, beans, vegetables, and rapeseeds should not be used before and after the jointing stage of large leaf, wheat, and rice seedlings. Double A The short-fruiting branch of Golden Delicious apple is sensitive to the drug and has burned leaves. â— acetylene Crop seedlings and young shoots are sensitive to the drug under high temperature and high humidity conditions and are prone to phytotoxicity. For the safety of crops, the dilution ratio of 73% of EC should not be less than 3,000 times for melon beans and cotton seedlings below 25 cm, and should not be less than 2000 times for young shoots of citrus. â—Triazotin The use of a concentration of 1500 ~ 2000 times is appropriate. In the cold season, when the concentration is commonly used, there will be lighter injury to the spring shoots and young leaves, as well as falling flowers, falling leaves, fruit drop, etc. The use of orange shoots at 10 to 15 cm can easily cause injury. Insecticide Malathion Some varieties of tomato seedlings, melons, cowpeas, sorghum, cherries, pears, and apples are sensitive to the drug and are used with caution. â— Dimethoate, Omethoate Some hops, asteraceae, some species of sorghum, tobacco, jujube, peach, apricot, plum, fig, citrus and other crops are sensitive to Dimethoate diluted 1500 times. The use of peanuts for too many times will make The leaves do not close at night and should be used carefully before use. â— Kill phosprophos Cabbage, radish, broccoli, cabbage, vegetables, broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables and sorghum are sensitive to this and should be used with care. â— Phoxim Cucumber, green beans, and watermelon are sensitive to the drug, 50% of EC 500 times spray has phytotoxicity, 1000 times may also have slight phytotoxicity; sugar beet is also more sensitive to phoxim, if mixed with boring, it should be appropriate Reduce the dose and boring time. The sorghum is sensitive and should not be sprayed; maize can only be used to prevent and control corn borer with granules; the leaf is sensitive to burned leaves at high temperature. Triazophos Sugar cane, rhizome white, corn and other crops are prone to injury. â— chlorpyrifos Chlorpyrifos is very sensitive to tobacco and lettuce and should be banned from use. It has phytotoxicity to melon seedlings and should be used after 1 meter of melons. In addition, some cherry varieties are also sensitive to it. â— Phosphorus Should avoid spraying at flowering time, so as not to cause phytotoxicity, the use of time before flowering is appropriate, the concentration should not be arbitrarily increased, otherwise it will cause brown leaf spots. In June to July, 800 to 1000 times the temperature of more than 30 °C, young fruit is prone to injury. â— Profenofos When the concentration is high, it has certain phytotoxicity to cotton and melon beans, and it has phytotoxicity to alfalfa and sorghum. For cruciferous vegetables and walnuts, it is avoided to be used at the flowering stage of crops. â— Trichlorfon (dichlorvos) Sorghum and beans are particularly sensitive and should not be used; melon seedlings, corn, apples (Shuguang, Marshal and other species) are also prone to phytotoxicity to trichlorfon early on. â— Zhong Dingwei 10 days before and after the application of rice fields, avoid the use of enemy warts to avoid phytotoxicity. â— Killing Dan When rice is in flowering stage or when the crop is wetted by rain, it is not suitable to apply pesticides; the seedlings of cruciferous vegetables are sensitive to the drug, and when the high-temperature growth is weak in summer, it is not suitable for spraying. Difenocarb It is easy to produce phytotoxicity to seedlings under high temperature and high humidity conditions. Under normal conditions, the dose of 25% diafenthiuron EC should not exceed 50 ml/mu. â— Isothermal Potato crops are sensitive to the drug and should not be used. Ten days before and after the application of pesticides, no enemy can be used. Carbofuran (carbofuran) The pesticide should not be used together with herbicides such as propanil and razepam in the paddy field to avoid phytotoxicity (the application of propofil should be carried out 3 to 4 days before the application of carbofuran or 1 month after the application of the drug. Application). Buprofezin Chemical liquids such as cabbage, radish and other crops on the leaves will appear brown spots or bleaching and other phytotoxicity. â— Double insecticide The seedlings of cruciferous vegetables such as beans, cabbage, and cabbage are sensitive to insecticidal double reactions at high temperatures in summer and are prone to phytotoxicity and should not be used. Chlorfluazuron For cabbages and other cruciferous vegetables, easy to burn leaves, the concentration of not less than 1500 times. The erythritol apples, such as red jade and Asahi, are sensitive and easy to produce phytotoxicity. Be careful when using them.
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