2014 National Drug Abuse Monitoring Annual Report released
Release date: 2015-09-10 In 2014, the National Drug Abuse Monitoring Network collected a total of 245,000 drug abuse monitoring reports, 87.5% for men, 51.7% for ages 35 and under, 83.4% for junior high school and below, and 68.0% for unemployed people. Drug abusers still It is mainly under 35 years old, unemployed, low-educated, male, but has spread to different ages, different educational levels and different occupations. 69 substances were reported to be abused. The main substances of abuse were heroin, ice, ma Guwan, K powder and diazepam, accounting for 56.1%, 36.8%, 8.1%, 3.2% and 1.3% respectively. 26,000 new cases of drug abuse among drug abusers, accounting for 10.7% of the reported number, an increase of 5.3 percentage points compared with 2010; the proportion of heroin abuse, ice and stability was 13.7%, 70.5%, 0.2%, respectively. Compared with 2010, the proportion of heroin abuse decreased by 29 percentage points, the proportion of ice abuse increased by 26.1 percentage points, and the proportion of stable abuse decreased by 1 percentage point; among them, 8257 cases were tested for HIV, and the positive rate was 1.4%. According to the statistical analysis, the drug abuse situation in 2014 showed that the rapid spread of traditional drugs represented by Hailu was further curbed. The abuse of synthetic drugs mainly based on ice was growing rapidly. The abuse of medical drugs represented by stability is still relatively high. Low level, drug users are younger, more diversified, and the variety of drugs is diverse. Affected by the continued spread of international drug tides and various domestic factors, the drug situation in China is still not optimistic. In 2014, the number of drug abuse monitoring reporting units increased to 1,460, and the monitoring report network was further expanded. In 2015, it plans to increase the drug abuse monitoring sentinel from hospitals based on the drug abuse monitoring system based on compulsory isolation drug treatment agencies, voluntary drug rehabilitation agencies, community drug maintenance and treatment institutions, detention centers and other drug law enforcement agencies. Monitor the population covered by the system, improve the drug abuse monitoring system, improve the abuse assessment, early warning and notification mechanisms, and continuously improve the capacity and level of drug abuse monitoring. Source: CFDA Urine analyzer is an automated instrument for determining certain chemical components in urine. It is an important tool for automated urine inspection in medical laboratories. This instrument has the advantages of simple and fast operation. However, improper use of urine analyzers and many intermediate links and influencing factors directly affect the accuracy of automated analysis results, which will not only cause errors in experimental results, but even delay diagnosis. Therefore, operators are required to understand the principles, performance and precautions of automated instruments. And the knowledge of influencing factors and other aspects are fully understood, and the correct use of automated instruments can make the results obtained by the urine analyzer more reliable and accurate. Medical Urine Analyzer,Semi Automatic Urine Analyzer,Urine Analyzer and Strips,Accurate Urine Analyzer Jilin Sinoscience Technology Co. LTD , https://www.jilinsinoscience.com
application
In the 1950s, a single dry chemical test strip method was used to measure protein and glucose in urine, and the changes in the color of the test strip were observed with the naked eye and compared with the standard plate to obtain the corresponding values. In the 1980s, due to the high development and widespread use of computer technology, automated urine analyzers also developed rapidly, gradually developing from semi-automatic to fully-automated. Urine analyzers are often divided into two categories according to the test items: â‘ 8-11 screening combined urine test strips mainly used for newly diagnosed patients and health examinations. The eight test items included protein, glucose, PH, ketone bodies, bilirubin, urobilinogen, red blood cells (occult blood) and nitrite; in addition to the above eight tests, urine leukocyte test was added to the nine test items. On the basis of 9 of the 10 urine analyzer testing items, the urine specific density test was added. 11 testing items have added vitamin C testing. â‘¡It is mainly used for the observation of the curative effect of the diagnosed diseases, such as the combination test strip of PH, protein and occult blood (red blood cells) for kidney disease; the combination test strip of PH, sugar and ketone body for diabetes; the combination of bilirubin and urobilinogen for liver disease test tape.
principle
This type of instrument is generally controlled by a microcomputer, and the color change on the test strip is measured semi-quantitatively by using a spherical integrator to receive dual-wavelength reflected light. There are several reagent pads containing various reagents on the reagent strip, each of which reacts independently with the corresponding components in the urine, and displays different colors. The depth of the color is proportional to a certain component in the urine, and there is another in the reagent strip" Compensation pad", as the urine background color, compensates for the errors caused by colored urine and instrument changes.
Put the reagent strip with urine adsorbed in the colorimetric tank of the instrument, and the various reagent pads that have produced chemical reactions on the reagent strip are illuminated by the light source, and the reflected light is received by the spherical analyzer, and the photocell of the spherical analyzer is reflected. Irradiate with dual-wavelength light (measurement light passing through the filter and a reference light), and the selection of each wavelength is determined by the detection item.
The instrument automatically calculates the reflectance according to the following formula, and then compares it with the standard curve, and automatically finds and prints the corresponding results of various components. If the content of a certain component in the urine is high, the reflected light of the corresponding reagent pad is dark, otherwise it is strong.
Reflectance fraction: R(%)=Tm.Cs/TsCm×100%
In the formula, R(%) is the reflectivity; Tm is the reflection intensity of the reagent pad to the measurement wavelength; Ts is the reflection intensity of the reagent pad to the reference wavelength; Cm is the reflection intensity of the calibration pad to the measurement defect length; Cs is the calibration pair. Reflection intensity at the reference wavelength.