Many studies tell you the mystery of longevity!
Release date: 2016-03-04 When it comes to longevity, I believe everyone wants to know what the mystery of longevity is. In recent years, scientists have invested a lot of energy in research on human longevity and life-related fields. For example, scientists from Australia and Finland recently discovered in a joint study that people with higher levels of certain common proteins in the blood are more likely to die than others. The risk of serious infection and whether a person will die from a serious infection can be predicted as early as 14 years, and this seems to indicate that we can predict the life of the body through blood tests. Last year, Calico, an anti-aging company from Google, obtained gene genealogy information from Ancestry.com, the world's largest genealogy website, in an attempt to find ways and drug targets to extend lifespan. In this article, Xiaobian collected some research related to longevity for everyone to learn. [1] The Chinese Academy of Sciences and Peking University collaborate to reveal a new mechanism for the longevity gene SIRT6 to maintain human stem cell viability On January 15, 2016, Liu Guanghui Laboratory of the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences collaborated with Tang Fufu Laboratory of Peking University and Qujing Laboratory of the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and published in the Cell Research magazine entitled "SIRT6 safeguards human mesenchymal stem cells from oxidative stress Research paper by coactivating NRF2". This study reveals for the first time that the SIRT6 synergistic transcription factor NRF2, which activates the expression of antioxidant genes and participates in the new mechanism of human stem cell homeostasis, provides new potential targets and ideas for the research and intervention of aging and aging-related diseases. SIRT6 is a member of the Sirtuin family of proteins and is a homologous gene of the yeast Sir2 protein in mammals. As early as 1999, the researchers found that the Sir2 gene has the effect of prolonging the lifespan of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, so it is also known as the "longevity gene." In mammals, SIRT6 is involved in the regulation of aging and the regulation of longevity. Overexpression of SIRT6 prolongs the lifespan of male mice, while knocking out SIRT6 causes mice to exhibit symptoms of premature aging and shortens their lifespan to only about 1 month. SIRT6 deletion affects DNA damage repair and telomere stability, resulting in steady-state imbalance and premature aging of cells and organisms in mice. However, due to the lack of an effective human aging research system, it is unclear whether SIRT6 can regulate and regulate human tissue cell senescence. [2] Research confirms that people with high IQ also live longer IQ is related to life, and socioeconomic factors do not fully explain the relationship between IQ and life. Humans live longer than in the past. According to a report released by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015, the average life expectancy of Japanese people is 84 years old, and the average life expectancy of Americans is 77 years old. However, it is clear that some people live longer than others. In the face of death, people are not equal. How to explain this inequality? Epidemiological studies confirm people's intuitive understanding that lifestyles affect life expectancy. A study published in Preventive Medicine in 2012 tracked more than 8,000 people over a five-year period. The study found that non-smoking reduced the risk of death for any cause by 56%, exercise by 47%, and healthy diet by 26%. Italian researchers analyzed the eating habits of residents of the Monticican region of Sicily, which is known for its abundance of centenarians. The survey found that in addition to maintaining physical activity and close contact with relatives, centenarians adhere to the traditional Mediterranean diet. [3] Autophagy: Blocking fat transport can promote longevity Whether it is a locust or a human body, it has a love-hate relationship with fat. Cholesterol is a necessary substance that is necessary for the health of the body but usually causes side effects. Recently, it was published in the research report of the international magazine Autophagy. Researchers from Brown University have found that a natural protein responsible for transporting fat may interfere with the necessary cellular functions that increase the lifespan of the body by studying nematodes and mice. When scientists genetically blocked the production of the nematode yolk lipoprotein (yolk erythropoietin), it found that the lifespan of nematodes increased by 40%, while mice, humans and other mammals directly produced a similarity called apolipoprotein B. Proteins, and therapies that reduce apolipoprotein B levels, can also help inhibit cardiovascular disease. This study reveals that lowering apolipoprotein B may also have other effects on the body. The researchers studied nematodes and found that the evolutionary cousin of apolipoprotein B, yolk erythropoietin, can be utilized by damaged cells and The ability to plastic fat to inhibit life extension. [4] "Shen medicine" metformin or become the first longevity drug! Do you know these 10 anti-aging studies? As metformin continues to emerge in anti-aging research, scientists are not just satisfied with existing results. In July of this year, Albert, New York, USA? Professor Nir Barzilai, a scientist at the Einstein College of Medicine, submitted an application to the FDA, hoping to conduct a clinical trial to study the anti-aging effects of metformin. On December 1, the British "Daily Telegraph" website reported that the US Food and Drug Administration has now approved the clinical trial. Scientists believe that the best anti-aging drug candidate is metformin. It is the most widely used hypoglycemic agent in the world, and it takes only 10 pence per day (about 15 cents). The clinical trial, called "Metformin against aging," is scheduled to begin in the US next winter. Scientists from a variety of institutions are currently raising funds and recruiting 3,000 older people between the ages of 70 and 80 who have or may have cancer, heart disease and dementia in the future. Matt Kaeberlein of the University of Washington believes that Barzilai's research plan is reasonable. Although animal experiments have found that the anti-aging effects of other drugs are stronger, the long-term clinical application history of metformin is an important basis. [5] Nat Commun: Scientists or found longevity genes Recently, in a research paper published in the international magazine Nature Communications, researchers from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich) discovered a new type of gene involved in the physiological age of the body. If only one of the genes is affected, then the experiment The healthy lifespan of the room animals will be prolonged, although this may also apply to humans. We all want to pursue eternal youth, and humans have spent centuries studying the aging mechanism of the body. With the development of molecular genetic tools in recent years, the speed of searching for genes involved in the aging process of the body has become faster and faster; In this paper, the researchers searched the genomes of three different organisms in order to find key genes involved in the aging process in all three organisms, all of which originated from a common ancestor, although It has been found in different organisms, but these so-called homologous genes are closely related to each other and they are also present in the human body. [6] Give me a long-lived medicine, anti-aging drug research in the twists and turns On a hot morning in July this year, six or seven scientists exchanged a “rehearsal†in a conference room at a hotel in the suburbs of Maryland, USA. They regarded the rehearsal as a landmark event in the history of aging research. After a few hours, they will meet with representatives of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to talk about an unprecedented clinical trial – the first long-lived drug in history to target the aging process. “We believe this is a groundbreaking, even subversive experiment,†said Steven Austad, director of the Department of Biology at the University of Alabama and director of science at the American Association for Aging Research (AFAR). After Austad's simple opening remarks, a scientist named Nir Barzilai opened his courseware and began his introduction. [7] EBioMedicine: Why does the inflammatory response predict the health and longevity of centenarians? Recently, a research paper published in the international magazine EbioMedicine, researchers from Newcastle University and other places have revealed through research that why some elderly people in their 100s can still maintain a healthy and independent lifestyle. The researchers in the article first revealed which biological and pathological processes are important for the health of the elderly in their 100s. The researchers pointed out that in order to live to 100 years old, it is necessary to reduce the body's inflammatory response and maintain the length of telomeres. Inflammatory and telomere are some of the factors affecting cell aging in human cells; severe inflammation is also a problem in the elderly. Causes of the disease, such as diabetes or chronic inflammatory diseases; the researcher Thomas von Zglinicki pointed out that centenarians and super-persons (persons aged 110 or older) are different, in short, these old people Ageing is very slow, and they are more likely to avoid some body diseases than the general population. [8] Cell Stem Cell: Why have women lived long since ancient times? At least one hundred-year-olds in humans (that is, those over the age of 110) will have at least one thing in common, that is, more than 95% of the centenarians are women. Scientists have long-term research to observe individuals who are different in gender when they are aging. The difference, but the researchers are not sure why women will live longer. Recently, in a research report published in the international magazine Cell Stem Cell, researchers from Stanford University have studied the behavior and gender differences of stem cells, revealing the decline in regenerative capacity of men and women as they age. Differences, related studies or new molecular hopes to explain the molecular mechanisms by which estrogen and testosterone regulate the lifespan of individuals. Source: Bio Valley
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