Export green onion cultivation technology
First, cultivate strong seedlings 1, the selection of green onions in the seedlings is a continuous vegetable, and the nursery is also avoidable. The seedlings should choose the high pits of the non-scallion garlic crops. Never choose wild grass, otherwise the seedlings will be overgrown. Seedlings must be responsible for the person. 2. After the harvest of the former sorghum crop, deep-tanning and whitening twice, leisure for 20 days. The onion growing period is up to 50 days, so the seedlings should be applied with 1000 kg of decomposed and fertilized.畦 wide and wide ditch 1.5 meters, made a net 1.1 meters wide Xiao Ping. Fine land preparation. Open the ditch around. 3, export green onions, varieties are generally designated by foreign companies, mainly: Chang Bao, Chang Yue, Ming Yan, Jin Chang No. 3 and so on. For every 100 grams of seed, 35-40 square meters of seedbed is needed, so that the seedlings can be transplanted to 1 mu of field. Generally, it is spread and the seeding is very uniform. The regular sowing date is in early April. 4, watering after the broadcast (add pesticides in water), reach 60% soil moisture, grasp the water before the seedlings are no longer watered. After watering, the dry soil is 0.5 cm thick. After the soil is rehydrated, it cannot be watered to prevent soil compaction. Covering the mulch before emergence, it is good for warming, moisturizing and preventing soil compaction caused by rain. But to prevent the danger of high temperatures. 5, the temperature of germination of green onion seeds, the fastest around 18 °C. 5-6 days after the broadcast can be emerged. After 60% of the seedlings were released, the film was removed in time, and the film was released too late, and the seedlings were weak. After the film is removed, in order to prevent heavy rain from scouring, a small ring shed should be set up. The film should be covered on the small ring shed before the rain, and the film will be removed after the rain, especially in the half month before the seedlings reach the seedlings. Otherwise, after heavy rain, there will be a collapse and a large number of seedlings will fall. 6. When the seedlings are stretched, they can be poured with water to make the cotyledons straight and rooted. Later, according to the mantle situation, pour another 1-2 times of water. The water should not be too much to prevent the seedlings from growing. 7. The whole seedling stage is topdressed 3-4 times. The quick-acting organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer are used alternately. The concentration of chemical fertilizer is low, and the growth rate of no more than 0.5% promotes the growth of seedlings and lays a good foundation for cultivating strong seedlings. 8. During the nursery period, if there is a seedling dew root, it is necessary to cover the dry fine soil in time, especially after the heavy rain. Seedbeds should be weeded and pests and diseases in time. Strong seedling standard: seedling height 30 cm, pseudo stem diameter 1 cm, leaf color dark green, no pests and diseases, nutrient accumulation. The seedling age is about 50 days. Second, Daejeon preparation 1. Green onions are suitable for growing in loam soil with good drainage and deep and fertile soil. The sandy loam soil is easy to insert onions, loose soil and soil, and has good air permeability and easy to obtain high yield. 2, due to softening of green onions, the land must be deep and fine. Immediately after the harvest of the former crop, the land will be turned 25-30 cm deep, and the ploughing will be whitened twice. In the last ploughing, the soil will be 2,000 kg of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer, the paddy field with low soil fertility, and the amount of organic fertilizer. It should be increased accordingly. Rotate and mix. After ditching, the ditch is 30 cm deep, the ditch is 20 cm wide, and the distance between the two ditch is 1 m. 3, the ploughing in the ditch, the depth of 20 cm. The base of the ditch is applied with base fertilizer, which is mainly composed of fermented Xiefei. The high-quality Xiefei per mu is 2000 kg, so that the soil and fertilizer are mixed, and the soil in the ditch is required to be fine. At this time, the back of the ditch should be more than 30 cm above the bottom of the ditch to soften it later. 4. The ditch around the Daejeon is matched, and a waist groove is opened at intervals of 20 meters to facilitate drainage. Third, fine planting 1. The planting time is generally from late May to early June. 2. Before the planting, the seedlings are separated, and the diseased seedlings, weak seedlings, over-small seedlings and obviously curved seedlings are removed. The plant spacing is 35-40 per meter, the row spacing is 1 meter, and the planting is about 23,000. Avoid colonization of onion when planting, the depth of planting should not be buried in the heart, it is not suitable to seedling too deep, too shallow to affect the length of the scallion. When planting, the foliage should be arranged in a vertical direction with the planting ditch, which is conducive to close planting and management. 3. The planting tool can use a garden iron or garden wood rod with a diameter of about 1.5 cm. When planting, first hit a shallow hole, perpendicular to the ground, then insert the seedling, and then lift it up slightly, so that the roots should be lowered and kept. straight. If bent, the stem will bend when it is harvested later, which becomes a defective product. 4, planting should be planted on the same side of the onion ditch, which is conducive to drainage after the rain. 5. After planting, compact the loose soil on both sides of the onion, and then pour the water. Fourth, Daejeon Management 1. cultivating and watering. If the weather is not very dry after planting the green onions, it is generally not suitable to water the soil. It is necessary to strengthen the cultivating and weeding, loosening the topsoil, and storing the water to protect the roots. In case of heavy rain, pay attention to drainage, prevent water accumulation in the onion, cause high temperature and high humidity, poor soil ventilation, leading to rotten roots, yellow leaves and dead seedlings. Therefore, prepare for flood control before rain. After the fall, as the temperature drops, you can start watering. Watering should be lightly poured and poured in the morning and evening. In the future, as the plant grows vigorously, the number of watering is gradually increased, and the ground must be kept moist, and the soil moisture is generally maintained at 70-80%. Generally, there is less rain in October, and the shortage of water in the field is more likely to occur. The shallow water method can be used to relieve the drought in the evening, but the water in the field must be eliminated in time. This work must be carried out earnestly. Watering must be stopped one week before harvest, otherwise the water content will be too high and affect the quality of the export. 2, soil and topdressing while the supply of fertilizer water is sufficient, the soil is an important measure to soften and increase the length of scallion. Generally, after living the tree, a small amount of reclaimed soil is combined with cultivating and weeding. The reclaimed soil cannot bury the onion and can not cause the onion to bend. By the beginning of August, the planting ditch will be filled. After the autumn cool, the soil is cultivated, and the soil is once every half a month. Cultivate the soil four times from mid-August to early October. Every time you raise the soil, you should keep the fake stems of the onions straight, which is an important measure to ensure the quality of the white onions. The soil can be used by the earth-moving machine, or it can be used by hand. The soil is dried after the morning dew is dry and the soil is cool. If the soil temperature is too high and the humidity is too high, it will easily cause rotten stems. When the soil is first and secondarily cultivated, the plant grows slowly and the soil should be shallow. When the soil is cultivated for the third and fourth times, the plant grows rapidly and the soil should be thicker. Every time you cultivate the soil, you can't bury the green onion. When you cultivate the soil, you can combine the fertilizer. In order to make the scallion length more than 30 cm, it is necessary to bury the onion stems of 35 cm or more in the soil. Although some fields have reached four times, but the length of the scallion has not yet reached, it must continue. During the typhoon season, it is necessary to strengthen the soil and prevent the lodging of the onion stems from falling. The growth of green onions requires more nitrogen fertilizer, but more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is needed in the later stage of growth. Topdressing generally begins after the autumn cool, combined with watering and soil. The topdressing is mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer, and the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are appropriately increased. In August, it was followed twice, with 8-10 kg of urea per mu. After the first ten days of September, the climate is cool, the plants begin to grow vigorously, and the growth of scallions is very fast. Pay attention to re-application of topdressing. Topdressing 2 times from September to early October, each time 10-12 kg of urea per mu and 40 kg of imported compound fertilizer. After each top dressing, the water should be poured in time to promote the growth of the green onions without stopping. The total amount of fertilizer used per acre of field: fertile medium field, 4,000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 80 kg of imported compound fertilizer and 40 kg of urea. Fifth, product harvest It can be harvested from the end of October, and the dew is dried and harvested. Under good cultivation conditions, the total production of mu is 3000-4000 kg. First open the side of the ridge, expose the scallion, gently pull out, so that the product is not damaged, shake off the soil. Export products should be properly aired, and the obvious curved strains and the scallions with a length of 30 cm or less should be removed and bundled into small bundles. Shipped to the processing plant without damage. 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