What misunderstandings should be avoided when applying basal fertilizer for fruit trees in autumn
Winter application of basal fertilizer is not as good as autumn application The rate of absorption of basal fertilizer by fruit trees depends on the absorption capacity of roots, especially new roots. In winter, the leaves of fruit trees fall, and the organic nutrients flowing back from the leaves to the roots are limited. In addition, the roots have poor absorption capacity. The cut root wounds will not grow new roots for a long time. At this time, applying basal fertilizer will not affect the organic nutrient storage in the tree. When a large number of new shoots grow in the next spring, a large number of new roots will occur, and the fertilizer effect can be exerted, which promotes the growth of the long strips and cannot stop in time. The long and prosperous branches take away a lot of nutrients and affect the development of medium and short branches. After it stops growing, it is in a state of lack of fertilizer, and its own synthesis and accumulation of organic nutrients are insufficient, and flower buds cannot be formed in time. But fertilization in autumn, early-maturing varieties have been picked, late-maturing Fuji is also about to mature, the whole tree has stopped growing, and the vigorous tree will also stop growing. The large temperature difference between day and night in September is conducive to nutrient accumulation. The temperature of the soil is also suitable for root growth, and new roots can be grown in half a month to 20 days after fertilizing and cutting the roots. Apply basal fertilizer in early autumn to keep a lot of nutrients. Next year, they will sprout neatly, grow fast and strong, and have large and thick leaves. They can be put into production as soon as possible to produce nutrients, so that they will not be "green and yellow", especially those with medium and short branches. If there are more, there will be more accumulation of short branches in the early stage, which is beneficial to the formation of flower buds. Base fertilizer should be applied sooner rather than later in autumn The temperature and ground temperature in autumn are relatively high, which is conducive to the decomposing and nutrient release of organic fertilizers, the fertilizer efficiency is easy to play, and the roots absorb quickly. In addition, fruit trees consume a large amount of nutrients during the year through sprouting, branching, flowering, and fruiting, and timely fertilization before and after fruit harvesting plays an important role in the recovery of the tree body, winterization and cold prevention, and high quality and high yield in the second year. Fertilization in autumn is better after the beginning of autumn to before the frost. If fertilization is too late, not only will the applied fertilizer be difficult to absorb and cause waste, but also the weakening of the tree due to the slow healing of the wounded roots, which will affect the flowering and fruit setting of the fruit trees in the coming year. The choice of autumn fertilizer should be organic fertilizer or farmyard manure with high organic quality. Such as sheep dung, pig dung, cow dung, etc., this is the basic fertilizer for long-term supply of various nutrients to fruit trees. When applying base fertilizer in autumn, you should pay attention to: 1. Do not fertilize too shallowly, otherwise it will cause the root system to float, which is not conducive to drought and cold resistance of the fruit tree. 2. The original ecological organic fertilizer used must be decomposed, and do not directly apply raw chicken manure, raw sheep manure, etc. into the field, otherwise it will burn the roots and cause the tree to weaken, die or induce rot disease. 3. If water conservancy conditions are good, water after fertilization to facilitate root absorption. Mistakes made in autumn fertilization Apply organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer alone. Some people believe that compound fertilizers are more "powerful" than organic fertilizers. In addition to their low fruit prices, in order to reduce investment, only compound fertilizers or urea are used instead of organic fertilizers. If you do this for years, it will cause soil compaction, poor ventilation, and high nitrogen content in the soil, thereby inhibiting the absorption of other elements by the root system. Moreover, single application of nitrogen fertilizer or compound fertilizer is not only prone to nutrient deficiency, but also the tree body resistance decreases and the rot disease is serious. The soil contains too much nitrogen, the fruit is difficult to color, the sugar content is low, the hardness is reduced, and it is not storage-resistant. In the case of over-production, the fruit is not red, and it is not sweet to eat. Don't say how much money is sold per catty, I am afraid that no merchants want it. Organic fertilizer is nutritious, but the content is low, which is far from meeting the nutritional needs of high yield of fruit trees. It must be matched with compound fertilizer. Of course, if Wangshu has no fruit, you can use only organic fertilizer instead of compound fertilizer. When applying basic fertilizers in autumn, organic fertilizers are the mainstay, compound fertilizers are supplemented, and the combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers can not only change the air permeability of the soil, but also meet the nutrient needs of high fruit trees and increase the utilization rate of large chemical fertilizers. Sprinkle the fertilizer directly into the ditch. Many people directly spread fertilizer on the bottom of the dug fertilization ditch. If the ditch is 1.2 feet deep and the fertilizer is spread on the bottom of the ditch, there is no organic fertilizer on the top 1 foot of the soil, which can not improve the soil at all; some people dig the fertilization ditch. If it is too shallow or too narrow, only 1 shovel wide and 1 shovel deep (equal to 20 cm wide and 25 cm deep), the result is that the fertilization is too concentrated and it is easy to burn the roots. The correct method is: dig 2 shovel wide (40 cm), 1 shovel half deep (40 cm). Sprinkle all kinds of fertilizers on the dug out virtual soil, then stir evenly, and then backfill it into the ditch. In this way, all the roots in the fertilization ditch can "eat" the fertilizer, and the roots are not afraid of burning, and the soil up to 40 cm deep can be improved. The fertilization site is incorrect. Some people dug the fertilization ditch in the canopy, while others only dig a ditch between the two rows of trees. The fertilization ditch is too far away from the tops of the two rows of trees, which is wrong. The correct fertilization site is vertically below the crown of the crown, because this site absorbs the most roots. The closer to the trunk, the thicker the roots, but the less absorption function. It is too far away from the crown of the tree, no roots are absorbed, and fertilization is not effective. Spreading fertilizer on the ground surface to hit the ground with a handcart, or digging the fertilization ditch shallowly, will make the root system shallower and shallower, and will not tolerate drought. Dig the fertilization ditch 1 shovel wide, fertilization is too concentrated and easy to burn roots, and it is not conducive to root extension. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. 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