How to use the plant protection drone to release Trichogramma?
Aphids, a kind of lepidopteran pests, mainly include stem borer, stem borer, and brown marten, which are the main pests of crops. Trichogramma, a parasitic insect belonging to the genus Lepidoptera, is a natural enemy of aphids. People have always used the most traditional “hostile†relationship in the biological world to maintain the “balance of the crop sectorâ€. However, in terms of operation methods, people often use traditional release methods (ie, manual release methods) to perform operations, and there are many drawbacks, as follows. Effective release efficiency is low. Artificial release is often limited to the vicinity of the field, and the release area is small, which is difficult to meet the needs of large areas; the release is difficult. In the later stage of plant growth, due to the high crops, it is difficult for manpower to meet the needs of space height; labor costs are high. With the influx of rural population into the city, the rural labor shortage in rural areas increases labor costs. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, drone technology is widely used in many fields such as aerial photography and agriculture. The technology of drones to release Trichogramma in the crop area has been successfully applied after theoretical research. It not only saves the labor cost, but also effectively improves the efficiency of the release of the bee worm, fully reflecting the productivity effect of science and technology. 1 Introduction of the traditional method of releasing Trichogramma in the field Normally, the Trichogramma is released in the field by the egg-type bee-type bee and the bee-flying bee. The difference between the two is as follows. 1.1 Egg-type bee The parasitic eggs of Trichogramma are developed to a certain period of time, and they are evenly adhered to a certain size of paper with glue to form a parasitic egg card of Trichogramma. When the bees are placed, the bees are torn into small pieces by the amount of bees, and then the leaves of the plants are rolled up into a small cylinder, and the bees are fixed therein. Since the blade is viable, the blade cylinder can be kept moist, which is conducive to the emergence of the red-eye bee. In addition, the cylinder can protect against the wind and rain, and resist the damage of Trichogramma in adverse weather conditions. 1.2 Puffs and bees Use a special bee-keeper or a small box with small holes and other containers to put a certain amount of parasitic eggs into the bee when placing the bees, then hang them upside down on the plants where the bees are placed. After the red-eye bees are feathered, You can fly from the exit to the field to achieve the effect of killing. In view of the advantages and disadvantages of the above two artificial release schemes, the ball-type bee is often used, which is labor-saving and labor-saving, and the flying-bee is slightly increased in the cost of prevention and control, and the operation is not convenient. 2 The selection of the mode of releasing the Trichogramma by the drone As an important grain-producing region in the country, the northeast region has a low degree of mechanization of agriculture. As a large number of people go out to work, the distribution coefficient of per capita labor is significantly reduced. In recent years, crops have been infested by aphids, and this problem can be effectively alleviated by introducing advanced drone beekeeping technology. The following is an analysis of the operation plan suitable for the regional operation from the two aspects of preparation before the beeing and the method of placing the bee, as follows: 2.1 Selection of Trichogramma suspension The use of drones to release the parasitic eggs of Trichogramma cannot be directly sprayed, otherwise it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of release. To this end, this can be achieved by selecting a suspension of Trichogramma. How to select the concentration of the suspension solute, the purification time, and the like is the first consideration. Under normal circumstances, with clear water as a reference, different solute and different concentrations of suspension of Trichogramma are tested, and the suspended state of the parasitic eggs in the solution is observed, and the solute and concentration of the parasitic eggs can be compared and screened. Then, for different solute and concentration suspensions, the emergence rate and the non-feathering rate were studied by sampling drip, and repeated experiments were repeated. Formula 1: Feathering rate = feathering number / (feathering number + non-feathering number) × 100% Select the best solute and concentration of the suspension, use the drone to spray the specified area of ​​the crop, record the height, speed, wind impact, temperature and other factors of the drone flight, and then take samples on site and calculate the release. The rate at which the suspension falls on the plant, and the drop rate of the parasitic egg suspension on the plant is calculated: Formula 2: Falling point rate of parasitic egg suspension on plants = (ba) / b × 100%; where a: the number of suspension points in which the designated area is invalid (sprayed outside the crop). b: The number of all suspension points in the specified area. 2.2 Selection of the method of unmanned aircraft releasing Trichogramma The data survey conducted on the site by formula 1 and formula 2 needs to clarify and verify the following: the area of ​​the spray area; the analysis of the influence of local temperature, sunshine, wind, weather, etc.; the configuration of the solute of the suspension solution of Trichogramma (including Concentration, rest time, etc.); determination of the capacity of the drone. In combination with the above parameters, the necessary pre-flight preparations are made. After the conditions are met, the drone can take off and release the Trichogramma suspension to a designated area through uniform and low-altitude operations, thereby completing the scheduled task.
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